Ontologia

Region · ita

Toscana

Italy

CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(74 %)

Species observed

13 017

Observations

1 193 309

Area

23 017,9km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 40 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Toscana : 30 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 103 interactions GloBI sur 5 types (connectance 12.6%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 11 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
41
Interactions affichées
103
Connectance
0.126
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

13 017 distinct species · 1 193 309 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

1 193 309 obs · 603 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 16 350
3 597–16 349
1 731–3 596
1 087–1 730
< 1 087

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

13,2°C

Annual rain

935mm

Warmest m°

27,2°C

Coldest m°

1,3°C

Elevation: 357 m on average (min -116 m, max 1 838 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
13,2°C
Annual rain
935mm
Warmest month
27,2°C
Coldest month
1,3°C
Mean alt.
357m
Min
-116m
Max
1 838m
Std. dev.
300m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(74 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

7,0

Org. C

43,1g/kg

Clay

30,5%

Sand

29,8%

Silt

39,7%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,9
Org. C
71,3g/kg
Clay
29,5%
Sand
30,4%
Silt
40,1%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,0
Org. C
32,9g/kg
Clay
29,7%
Sand
29,9%
Silt
40,4%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,0
Org. C
25,1g/kg
Clay
32,2%
Sand
29,2%
Silt
38,6%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest41.0%
Crops19.1%
Built-up1.1%
Bare soil1.5%
Other (grassland, water…)37.3%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology44 basins · 40 lakes · 100 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

1 864,7km

Lake surface here

54,22km²

Basins crossed

44

Max stream order

5

Max drainage

9 150km²

Discharge in basins

669,9m³/s

Mean precip.

790mm/an

Mean T°

13,1°C

Moisture idx

-0,14

Max snow

8%

Mean runoff

410mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

329m

Watersheds crossing here

35 more basins

Lakes (40, top by area)

31 more lakes

Rivers / streams (100, ord ≥ 4)

88 more river segments

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

1hab/km²

Night light

2,4nW

Built-up

113,7%

Pesticides

49,6kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas100

IUCN Not Reported · 85IUCN IV · 8IUCN II · 3IUCN V · 3IUCN Not Applicable · 1🌊 Marine · 30📍 Point sites · 1
Complete list

+ 40 protected areas (top 60 shown)

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN

Sub-administrations200