Santuario per i Mammiferi Marini
IUCN IVInternational significance Natural Marine Area · 1999
23 736 km²
Commune · ITA
Grosseto
Italy
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(100 %)
Species observed
2 969
Observations
38 444
Area
475km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 41 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Grosseto : 33 espèces dont 3 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 75 interactions GloBI sur 2 types (connectance 8.7%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 9 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
42
Interactions affichées
75
Connectance
0.087
Patrimoniales
3
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
2 969 distinct species · 38 444 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
15,9°C
Annual rain
679mm
Warmest m°
28,4°C
Coldest m°
5,2°C
Elevation: 38 m on average (min -110 m, max 395 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
15,9°C
Annual rain
679mm
Warmest month
28,4°C
Coldest month
5,2°C
Mean alt.
38m
Min
-110m
Max
395m
Std. dev.
57m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(100 %)Temperate
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
7,6
Org. C
29,5g/kg
Clay
29,3%
Sand
30,7%
Silt
40,0%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: scGLiMaggregated to Grosseto
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,5
Org. C
50,9g/kg
Clay
28,5%
Sand
31,4%
Silt
40,2%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,6
Org. C
18,2g/kg
Clay
28,2%
Sand
31,2%
Silt
40,6%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,6
Org. C
19,3g/kg
Clay
31,2%
Sand
29,6%
Silt
39,2%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest14.3%
Crops45.5%
Built-up1.1%
Bare soil3.0%
Other (grassland, water…)36.1%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology4 basins · 1 lakes · 24 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
115,4km
Lake surface here
0,17km²
Basins crossed
4
Max stream order
5
Max drainage
3 628km²
Discharge in basins
24,6m³/s
Mean precip.
643mm/an
Mean T°
14,8°C
Moisture idx
-0,34
Max snow
3%
Mean runoff
257mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
110m
Watersheds crossing here
Lakes (1, top by area)
Rivers / streams (24, ord ≥ 4)
- Fiume Ombroneord 5len here13.74 km17%total82 km
- Canale Diversivo dell'Ombroneord 5len here12.76 km100%total13 km
- Argine Affacciatoord 1len here12.04 km94%total13 km
- Fiume Brunaord 4len here9.90 km28%total35 km
- Allacciante Superiore degli Acquiord 2len here8.51 km100%total9 km
- Fosso dei Moliniord 5len here8.48 km100%total8 km
- Fosso della Villazzaiaord 1len here7.75 km98%total8 km
- Valle di Rigoord 5len here4.36 km100%total4 km
- Torrente Maianoord 2len here4.16 km49%total9 km
- Fosso Macchion del Lupoord 1len here3.84 km100%total4 km
- Fosso Carpinaord 1len here3.63 km100%total4 km
- Fosso Montalcinoord 3len here3.56 km100%total4 km
12 more river segmentssorted by Strahler order + length
- Fosso della Salicaord 1len here2.88 km100%total3 km
- Canale Collettore del Barbicatoord 2len here2.88 km100%total3 km
- Torrente Fossaord 2len here2.12 km100%total2 km
- Fossa Pisanaord 2len here2.06 km100%total2 km
- Fosso Alvinoord 1len here2.03 km18%total11 km
- Canale Molla 2ord 1len here1.96 km100%total2 km
- Fosso della Banditellaord 1len here1.89 km100%total2 km
- Fosso Diaccialoneord 1len here1.79 km100%total2 km
- Fosso del Pesciatinoord 1len here1.78 km100%total2 km
- Fosso Beveraggioord 5len here1.26 km101%total1 km
- Fosso della Fonteord 1len here1.09 km101%total1 km
- fosso della Ferraiaord 2len here0.95 km13%total7 km
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
1hab/km²
Night light
2,4nW
Built-up
107,2%
Pesticides
54,8kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas22
IUCN Not Reported · 19IUCN IV · 3🌊 Marine · 20
Parco naturale della Maremma
IUCN IVRegional/Provincial Nature Park · 1975
91 km²
Monte Leoni
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2016
51 km²
Monti dell'Uccellina
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 1998
44 km²
Monti dell'Uccellina
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2016
44 km²
Pianure del Parco della Maremma
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2003
33 km²
Complete list22 protected areas
- Santuario per i Mammiferi MariniInternational significance Natural Marine AreaIUCN IV199923 736 km²
- Parco naturale della MaremmaRegional/Provincial Nature ParkIUCN IV197591 km²
- Monte LeoniSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201651 km²
- Monti dell'UccellinaSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported199844 km²
- Monti dell'UccellinaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201644 km²
- Pianure del Parco della MaremmaSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported200333 km²
- Padule di Diaccia BotronaSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported199813 km²
- Padule di Diaccia BotronaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201613 km²
- Riserva naturale Diaccia BotronaRegional/Provincial Nature ReserveIUCN IV199113 km²
- Palude della Diaccia BotronaWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site)IUCN Not Reported199112 km²
- Poggio di MosconaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20166 km²
- Pineta Granducale dell'UccellinaSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19986 km²
- Pineta Granducale dell'UccellinaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20166 km²
- Trappola Marshland - Ombrone River MouthWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site)IUCN Not Reported20165 km²
- Padule della Trappola, Bocca d'OmbroneSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20165 km²
- Padule della Trappola, Bocca d'OmbroneSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19985 km²
- Tombolo da Castiglion della Pescaia a Marina di GrossetoSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported20044 km²
- Tombolo da Castiglion della Pescaia a Marina di GrossetoSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20164 km²
- Dune costiere del Parco dell'UccellinaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20162 km²
- Dune costiere del Parco dell'UccellinaSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19982 km²
- Formiche di GrossetoSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20160 km²
- Formiche di GrossetoSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported20030 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN