Santuario per i Mammiferi Marini
IUCN IVInternational significance Natural Marine Area · 1999
23 736 km²
Commune · ITA
Piombino
Italy
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(100 %)
Species observed
930
Observations
3 865
Area
133,8km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 36 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Piombino : 30 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 79 interactions GloBI sur 5 types (connectance 11.2%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 8 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
38
Interactions affichées
79
Connectance
0.112
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
930 distinct species · 3 865 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
16,2°C
Annual rain
700mm
Warmest m°
26,2°C
Coldest m°
7,6°C
Elevation: 36 m on average (min -45 m, max 194 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
16,2°C
Annual rain
700mm
Warmest month
26,2°C
Coldest month
7,6°C
Mean alt.
36m
Min
-45m
Max
194m
Std. dev.
47m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(100 %)Temperate
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
7,3
Org. C
35,6g/kg
Clay
30,5%
Sand
30,8%
Silt
38,7%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: scGLiMaggregated to Livorno
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,3
Org. C
60,2g/kg
Clay
30,8%
Sand
30,9%
Silt
38,3%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,4
Org. C
23,5g/kg
Clay
29,7%
Sand
31,2%
Silt
39,2%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,3
Org. C
23,0g/kg
Clay
30,9%
Sand
30,3%
Silt
38,8%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest24.4%
Crops26.5%
Built-up2.5%
Bare soil2.7%
Other (grassland, water…)43.9%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology1 basins · 1 lakes · 5 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
18,3km
Lake surface here
0,18km²
Basins crossed
1
Max stream order
3
Max drainage
2 275km²
Discharge in basins
0,0m³/s
Mean precip.
669mm/an
Mean T°
14,8°C
Moisture idx
-0,29
Max snow
2%
Mean runoff
296mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
142m
Watersheds crossing here
Lakes (1, top by area)
Rivers / streams (5, ord ≥ 4)
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
1hab/km²
Night light
5,0nW
Built-up
251,9%
Pesticides
52,4kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas6
IUCN Not Reported · 3IUCN IV · 2IUCN V · 1🌊 Marine · 2
Parco interprovinciale di Montioni
IUCN VRegional/Provincial Nature Park · 1998
64 km²
Promontorio di Piombino e Monte Massoncello
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2016
7 km²
Padule Orti - Bottagone
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2004
1 km²
Padule Orti - Bottagone
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2016
1 km²
Riserva naturale Padule Orti-Bottagone
IUCN IVRegional/Provincial Nature Reserve · 1998
1 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN