Ontologia

Department · col

Tolima

Colombia

AfTropical, rainforest(33 %)

Species observed

8 276

Observations

1 158 258

Area

23 972,7km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 22 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Tolima : 17 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 24 interactions GloBI sur 4 types (connectance 10.4%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 5 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
22
Interactions affichées
24
Connectance
0.104
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

8 276 distinct species · 1 158 258 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

1 158 258 obs · 569 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 43 163
4 242–43 162
778–4 241
192–777
< 192

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

19,9°C

Annual rain

2 535mm

Warmest m°

25,0°C

Coldest m°

14,9°C

Elevation: 1 566 m on average (min 203 m, max 5 153 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
19,9°C
Annual rain
2 535mm
Warmest month
25,0°C
Coldest month
14,9°C
Mean alt.
1 566m
Min
203m
Max
5 153m
Std. dev.
1 138m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
AfTropical, rainforest(33 %)Tropical

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

5,4

Org. C

58,3g/kg

Clay

33,2%

Sand

34,6%

Silt

32,2%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,4
Org. C
75,2g/kg
Clay
32,1%
Sand
35,2%
Silt
32,7%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,4
Org. C
58,9g/kg
Clay
32,7%
Sand
34,9%
Silt
32,4%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,4
Org. C
40,7g/kg
Clay
34,8%
Sand
33,7%
Silt
31,5%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest47.7%
Crops4.0%
Built-up0.2%
Bare soil0.6%
Other (grassland, water…)47.5%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology55 basins · 12 lakes · 100 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

4 572,2km

Lake surface here

36,27km²

Basins crossed

55

Max stream order

6

Max drainage

57 736km²

Discharge in basins

12 240,1m³/s

Mean precip.

1 871mm/an

Mean T°

19,6°C

Moisture idx

0,20

Max snow

3%

Mean runoff

1 025mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

1 613m

Watersheds crossing here

46 more basins

Lakes (12, top by area)

3 more lakes

Rivers / streams (100, ord ≥ 4)

88 more river segments

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

0hab/km²

Night light

0,3nW

Built-up

19,0%

Pesticides

60,6kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas92

IUCN VI · 79IUCN II · 7IUCN Not Applicable · 6

Los Nevados

IUCN II

National Natural Park · 1974

614 km²

Complete list

+ 32 protected areas (top 60 shown)

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN

Sub-administrations45