Ontologia

Department · col

Norte de Santander

Colombia

AfTropical, rainforest(34 %)

Species observed

5 926

Observations

137 761

Area

21 937,2km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 24 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Norte de Santander : 15 espèces reliées par 31 interactions GloBI sur 4 types (connectance 11.2%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 9 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
24
Interactions affichées
31
Connectance
0.112
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

5 926 distinct species · 137 761 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

137 761 obs · 426 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 4 509
814–4 508
116–813
33–115
< 33

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

20,5°C

Annual rain

2 214mm

Warmest m°

25,9°C

Coldest m°

15,4°C

Elevation: 1 228 m on average (min 28 m, max 4 266 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
20,5°C
Annual rain
2 214mm
Warmest month
25,9°C
Coldest month
15,4°C
Mean alt.
1 228m
Min
28m
Max
4 266m
Std. dev.
964m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
AfTropical, rainforest(34 %)Tropical

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

5,2

Org. C

49,8g/kg

Clay

34,8%

Sand

33,2%

Silt

32,0%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,2
Org. C
66,1g/kg
Clay
33,7%
Sand
33,9%
Silt
32,4%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,2
Org. C
48,0g/kg
Clay
34,1%
Sand
33,5%
Silt
32,3%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,3
Org. C
35,4g/kg
Clay
36,6%
Sand
32,1%
Silt
31,3%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest63.4%
Crops2.1%
Built-up0.2%
Bare soil0.5%
Other (grassland, water…)33.8%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology62 basins · 3 lakes · 89 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

2 683,6km

Lake surface here

0,48km²

Basins crossed

62

Max stream order

6

Max drainage

139 272km²

Discharge in basins

2 562,5m³/s

Mean precip.

1 993mm/an

Mean T°

21,1°C

Moisture idx

0,16

Max snow

2%

Mean runoff

932mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

1 190m

Watersheds crossing here

53 more basins

Lakes (3, top by area)

Rivers / streams (89, ord ≥ 4)

77 more river segments

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

1hab/km²

Night light

0,3nW

Built-up

22,3%

Pesticides

55,7kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas33

IUCN VI · 16IUCN II · 10IUCN Not Applicable · 5IUCN V · 1IUCN III · 1🌊 Marine · 2

Lago de Maracaibo

IUCN VI

Critical Area with Treatment Priority (ACPT) · 1981

58 243 km²

El Cocuy

IUCN II

National Natural Park · 1977

3 061 km²

Perijá

IUCN II

National Park (PN) · 1978

2 897 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN

Sub-administrations37