Volovské vrchy
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2003
1 219 km²
Region · svk
Košický
Slovakia
DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(98 %)
Species observed
6 342
Observations
559 705
Area
6 774,2km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 20 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Košický : 16 espèces reliées par 51 interactions GloBI sur 4 types (connectance 26.8%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 4 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
20
Interactions affichées
51
Connectance
0.268
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
6 342 distinct species · 559 705 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
8,5°C
Annual rain
707mm
Warmest m°
23,5°C
Coldest m°
-6,6°C
Elevation: 385 m on average (min 96 m, max 1 385 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
8,5°C
Annual rain
707mm
Warmest month
23,5°C
Coldest month
-6,6°C
Mean alt.
385m
Min
96m
Max
1 385m
Std. dev.
268m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(98 %)Cold
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
34,3g/kg
Clay
26,6%
Sand
26,6%
Silt
46,9%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,8
Org. C
53,7g/kg
Clay
25,5%
Sand
26,8%
Silt
47,7%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
31,8g/kg
Clay
26,5%
Sand
25,7%
Silt
47,8%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
17,5g/kg
Clay
27,8%
Sand
27,1%
Silt
45,1%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest37.3%
Crops42.2%
Built-up0.8%
Bare soil0.3%
Other (grassland, water…)19.4%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology29 basins · 21 lakes · 100 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
1 325,8km
Lake surface here
40,48km²
Basins crossed
29
Max stream order
6
Max drainage
33 279km²
Discharge in basins
452,5m³/s
Mean precip.
691mm/an
Mean T°
7,8°C
Moisture idx
-0,14
Max snow
32%
Mean runoff
210mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
404m
Watersheds crossing here
- Bassin de Bódvasub-area1 745,7 km²overlap928.98 km²14%
- Bassin de Laborecsub-area2 232 km²overlap882.64 km²13%
- Bassin de Slanásub-area874,4 km²overlap858.41 km²13%
- Bassin de Spišský potoksub-area639,3 km²overlap617.01 km²9%
- Bassin de Hornádsub-area1 162,5 km²overlap604.31 km²9%
- Bassin de Hernádsub-area1 517,1 km²overlap427.67 km²6%
- Bassin de Hornádsub-area748,4 km²overlap390.55 km²6%
- Bassin de Stará Dušasub-area238,8 km²overlap239.32 km²4%
- Bassin de Kystiansky potoksub-area228,6 km²overlap229.27 km²3%
20 more basinssorted by overlap
- Bassin de Latoricasub-area374,2 km²overlap219.16 km²3%
- Bassin de Nyíri-pataksub-area530,1 km²overlap212.33 km²3%
- Bassin de Tiszasub-area1 049,3 km²overlap204.79 km²3%
- Bassin de Bačkovský potoksub-area152,6 km²overlap151.76 km²2%
- Bassin de Torysasub-area1 345,9 km²overlap133.59 km²2%
- Bassin de Ondavasub-area126,6 km²overlap126.94 km²2%
- Bassin de Ужsub-area347,7 km²overlap124.98 km²2%
- Bassin de Ondavasub-area100,1 km²overlap100.41 km²1%
- Bassin de Bodrogsub-area127,9 km²overlap91.15 km²1%
- Bassin de Ondavasub-area49,6 km²overlap49.75 km²1%
- Bassin de Ubliankasub-area222 km²overlap42.48 km²1%
- Bassin de Muráňsub-area395,7 km²overlap41.58 km²1%
- Bassin de Latoricasub-area38,4 km²overlap38.52 km²1%
- Bassin de Topľasub-area999,7 km²overlap17.65 km²0%
- Bassin de Ondavasub-area1 333,4 km²overlap16.40 km²0%
- Bassin de Hronsub-area712,5 km²overlap10.14 km²0%
- Bassin de Tiszasub-area221,6 km²overlap9.76 km²0%
- Bassin de Karcsa-csatornasub-area99,6 km²overlap4.23 km²0%
- Bassin de Slanásub-area85,8 km²overlap0.40 km²0%
- Bassin de Великийsub-area90,8 km²overlap0.02 km²0%
Lakes (21, top by area)
- Zemplínska šíravaarea29 km²avg depth11.5 m
- Ružínarea2 km²avg depth29.1 m
- Senianske rybníkyarea1,7 km²avg depth0.5 m
- Jazero Gečaarea1,2 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Kechnecarea1,1 km²avg depth0.8 m
- Lac 1344385area0,9 km²avg depth27.3 m
- Lac 1344608area0,7 km²avg depth1.2 m
- Lac 1343736area0,6 km²avg depth8.7 m
- Lac 1344988area0,5 km²avg depth2.3 m
12 more lakes
- Lac 1345227area0,4 km²avg depth1.5 m
- Lac 1344570area0,4 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lac 1344467area0,3 km²avg depth7.4 m
- Lac 1344929area0,3 km²avg depth3.0 m
- Lac 1344739area0,3 km²avg depth3.5 m
- Lac 1344955area0,3 km²avg depth2.5 m
- Lac 1344649area0,2 km²avg depth2.0 m
- Lac 1344506area0,2 km²avg depth2.6 m
- Lac 1344876area0,1 km²avg depth2.1 m
- Lac 1343533area0,1 km²avg depth5.9 m
- Lac 1345228area0,1 km²avg depth2.1 m
- Lac 1344897area0,1 km²avg depth1.7 m
Rivers / streams (100, ord ≥ 4)
- Hornádord 5len here107.49 km98%total110 km
- Idaord 3len here48.67 km100%total49 km
- Laborecord 5len here42.35 km57%total74 km
- Ondavaord 4len here42.19 km39%total108 km
- Spišský potokord 1len here38.87 km90%total43 km
- Bodvaord 4len here35.06 km100%total35 km
- Slanáord 4len here34.93 km54%total64 km
- Latoricaord 6len here33.45 km100%total33 km
- Stará Dušaord 1len here32.62 km100%total33 km
- Banský potokord 3len here29.20 km53%total56 km
- Kamenný potokord 2len here25.93 km85%total31 km
- Olšavaord 3len here25.83 km34%total75 km
88 more river segmentssorted by Strahler order + length
- Hnilecord 2len here23.02 km100%total23 km
- Zalužický kanálord 4len here19.68 km100%total20 km
- Nižná Rizňaord 2len here18.05 km100%total18 km
- Bodrogord 6len here18.03 km32%total56 km
- Čečejovský potokord 2len here17.85 km100%total18 km
- Turňaord 2len here17.62 km100%total18 km
- Kystiansky potokord 2len here17.08 km100%total17 km
- Čierna vodaord 4len here16.86 km26%total64 km
- Bačkovský potokord 1len here16.83 km100%total17 km
- Štítnikord 2len here14.40 km100%total14 km
- Predný potokord 2len here14.33 km100%total14 km
- Albínovský kanálord 1len here14.04 km100%total14 km
- Kuzmický potokord 2len here13.31 km100%total13 km
- Čonkášord 1len here12.84 km100%total13 km
- Vojčiansky kanálord 1len here12.28 km89%total14 km
- Karniansky potokord 1len here11.84 km100%total12 km
- Dobšinský potokord 1len here11.47 km100%total11 km
- Pstružníkord 4len here11.14 km100%total11 km
- Ostrovský kanálord 3len here11.01 km100%total11 km
- Črmeľord 1len here10.95 km100%total11 km
- Kojšovský potokord 3len here10.93 km100%total11 km
- Blatný potokord 2len here10.88 km100%total11 km
- Hranský kanálord 1len here10.81 km100%total11 km
- Suchý potokord 3len here10.66 km21%total51 km
- Vápenný potokord 3len here10.39 km63%total16 km
- Rožňavský potokord 2len here10.33 km100%total10 km
- Pravobrežný kanálord 2len here10.21 km100%total10 km
- Odoricaord 2len here9.86 km100%total10 km
- Trstiankaord 1len here9.71 km100%total10 km
- Súľovský potokord 2len here9.68 km100%total10 km
- Zlatný potokord 2len here9.54 km100%total10 km
- Betliarsky potokord 3len here9.50 km100%total9 km
- Vlachovský potokord 2len here9.38 km100%total9 km
- Izraord 1len here9.38 km98%total10 km
- Turský jarokord 4len here9.33 km100%total9 km
- Veľké Revištia-Bežovceord 3len here9.24 km100%total9 km
- Suchohorský potokord 1len here9.06 km100%total9 km
- Lazný potokord 2len here8.94 km55%total16 km
- Chlmecord 1len here8.77 km100%total9 km
- Udočord 5len here8.55 km100%total9 km
- Tibavkaord 2len here8.36 km100%total8 km
- Braniskoord 3len here8.35 km53%total16 km
- Veščeníkord 4len here8.34 km100%total8 km
- Bazínsky potokord 1len here8.27 km100%total8 km
- Južný horešský kanálord 1len here8.20 km100%total8 km
- Turzovský potokord 3len here8.16 km100%total8 km
- Sirínord 5len here8.16 km100%total8 km
- Tichá vodaord 1len here8.07 km100%total8 km
- Veľkolúcky kanálord 5len here7.99 km100%total8 km
- Svinický potokord 2len here7.92 km100%total8 km
- Slančíkord 2len here7.82 km100%total8 km
- Slovinský potokord 1len here7.62 km100%total8 km
- Ужord 4len here7.58 km6%total117 km
- Čaplinyord 1len here7.56 km100%total8 km
- Ponorný potokord 1len here7.55 km60%total13 km
- Oľšinský kanálord 2len here7.48 km100%total7 km
- Hlboký potokord 1len here7.35 km52%total14 km
- Biela vodaord 3len here7.35 km27%total27 km
- Jovsiansky potokord 1len here7.31 km100%total7 km
- Packoronský jarokord 1len here7.27 km100%total7 km
- Beláord 3len here7.21 km19%total38 km
- Uhliskoord 3len here7.07 km100%total7 km
- Kejdaord 2len here7.04 km100%total7 km
- Suchá Beláord 2len here7.04 km100%total7 km
- Východný Dobrosemiansky kanálord 1len here6.87 km90%total8 km
- Kláštorský potokord 3len here6.79 km100%total7 km
- Svätojánsky potokord 4len here6.76 km100%total7 km
- Ošvaord 1len here6.73 km100%total7 km
- Močiarny potokord 1len here6.67 km100%total7 km
- Piverský potokord 2len here6.46 km100%total6 km
- Jastrabský kanálord 1len here6.35 km100%total6 km
- Trebeľaord 1len here6.30 km100%total6 km
- Čremošnáord 3len here6.27 km100%total6 km
- Jamníčekord 3len here6.19 km100%total6 km
- Hrušovord 1len here6.18 km53%total12 km
- Gelnický potokord 1len here6.14 km100%total6 km
- Klinský kanálord 1len here6.02 km100%total6 km
- Sopotnicaord 2len here6.01 km23%total26 km
- Blatný kanálord 4len here6.00 km100%total6 km
- Drienovecord 1len here5.85 km100%total6 km
- Beňatinská vodaord 1len here5.74 km100%total6 km
- Bystrý potokord 3len here5.73 km34%total17 km
- Biely potokord 1len here5.72 km53%total11 km
- Opátkaord 1len here5.70 km100%total6 km
- Železný potokord 2len here5.56 km66%total8 km
- Marovkaord 1len here5.52 km100%total6 km
- Dúhový potokord 2len here5.42 km100%total5 km
- Čerhovský potokord 2len here5.42 km55%total10 km
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
1hab/km²
Night light
0,6nW
Built-up
76,0%
Pesticides
10,2kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas100
IUCN Not Reported · 65IUCN Not Assigned · 10IUCN Ia · 8IUCN V · 6IUCN IV · 5IUCN II · 4IUCN Not Applicable · 2🌊 Marine · 1📍 Point sites · 1
Zempléni-hegység a Szerencsi-dombsággal és a Hernád-völggyel
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2004
1 145 km²
Nízke Tatry
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2003
982 km²
Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of Europe
IUCN Not ApplicableWorld Heritage Site (natural or mixed) · 2007
924 km²
Nízke Tatry
IUCN VNational Park; third level of protection · 1997
760 km²
Slanské vrchy
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2003
604 km²
Complete list100 protected areas
- Volovské vrchySpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported20031 219 km²
- Zempléni-hegység a Szerencsi-dombsággal és a Hernád-völggyelSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported20041 145 km²
- Nízke TatrySpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2003982 km²
- Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of EuropeWorld Heritage Site (natural or mixed)IUCN Not Applicable2007924 km²
- Nízke TatryNational Park; third level of protectionIUCN V1997760 km²
- Slanské vrchySpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2003604 km²
- Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak KarstWorld Heritage Site (natural or mixed)IUCN Not Applicable1995596 km²
- Vihorlatské vrchySpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2003479 km²
- Slovenský krasSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2003448 km²
- Slovenský krasNational Park; third level of protectionIUCN V2002355 km²
- MedzibodrožieSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2003345 km²
- Kráľovohoľské TatrySpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2024306 km²
- Felső-TiszaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2010287 km²
- Upper Tisza (Felsö-Tisza)Wetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site)IUCN V2004269 km²
- Zempléni Tájvédelmi KörzetLandscape Protection AreaIUCN V1984268 km²
- Muránska planina- StolicaSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2003258 km²
- Slovenský rajSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2010255 km²
- LatoricaProtected Landscape Area; second level of protectionIUCN V2004237 km²
- Aggteleki-karsztSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2004236 km²
- Aggteleki-karszt és peremterületeiSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2010231 km²
- Ondavská rovinaSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2003205 km²
- Aggteleki Nemzeti ParkNational ParkIUCN II1985202 km²
- Slovenský rajNational Park; third level of protectionIUCN II2016194 km²
- Košická kotlinaSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2003180 km²
- Slovenský rajSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2024174 km²
- VihorlatProtected Landscape Area; second level of protectionIUCN V1999168 km²
- Morské okoSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2024160 km²
- Muránska planina- OPBuffer Zone of the National Park; second level/grade of protectionIUCN Not Assigned1997130 km²
- Slovenský kras- OPBuffer Zone of the National Park; second level/grade of protectionIUCN Not Assigned2002104 km²
- PrytysianskyiRegional landscape parkIUCN Not Reported2009103 km²
- LatoricaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported202476 km²
- Stredné PohornádieSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported202471 km²
- Horný vrchSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported202463 km²
- Slovenský raj- OPBuffer Zone of the National Park; second level/grade of protectionIUCN Not Assigned201655 km²
- PrytysianskyiEmerald NetworkIUCN Not Reported53 km²
- MiličSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported202451 km²
- Hernád-völgy és Sajóládi-erdőSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201050 km²
- LatoricaWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site)IUCN Ia199345 km²
- GalmusSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported202433 km²
- StolicaProtected Site / Private Protected SiteIUCN IV202332 km²
- Plešivská planinaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported202430 km²
- StolicaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported202428 km²
- Senianske rybníkySpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported200327 km²
- Bódva-völgy és a Sas-patak-völgyeSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201027 km²
- Zemplínska šírava- OPBuffer Zone of a Protected SiteIUCN Not Assigned198324 km²
- Vihorlatský pralesNature Reserve / Private Nature ReserveIUCN Ia202022 km²
- Baradla Cave System and related wetlandsWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site)IUCN II200121 km²
- Dolný vrchSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported202419 km²
- Čierna MoldavaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported202419 km²
- Északi-Zempléni-hegységSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201019 km²
- FabiánkaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported202413 km²
- StrahuľkaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported202412 km²
- Tisa RiverWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site)IUCN Not Reported20049 km²
- Bózsva-patakSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20128 km²
- PalantaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20248 km²
- Füzéri Pál-hegySpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20107 km²
- KrivoštiankaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20247 km²
- Gombasecká jaskyňa- OPBuffer Zone of a National Nature Reserve, Nature Reserve, National Nature Monument, Nature Monument;IUCN Not Assigned20116 km²
- DomicaWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site)IUCN II20016 km²
- Zemplínska šíravaProtected Site / Private Protected SiteIUCN IV19686 km²
+ 40 protected areas (top 60 shown)
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN