Volovské vrchy
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2003
1 219 km²
District · SVK
Košice-okolie
Slovakia
DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(100 %)
Species observed
2 997
Observations
95 442
Area
1 518,8km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 17 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Košice-okolie : 13 espèces reliées par 38 interactions GloBI sur 4 types (connectance 24.8%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 5 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
18
Interactions affichées
38
Connectance
0.248
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
2 997 distinct species · 95 442 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
8,6°C
Annual rain
702mm
Warmest m°
23,5°C
Coldest m°
-6,5°C
Elevation: 374 m on average (min 159 m, max 1 057 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
8,6°C
Annual rain
702mm
Warmest month
23,5°C
Coldest month
-6,5°C
Mean alt.
374m
Min
159m
Max
1 057m
Std. dev.
176m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(100 %)Cold
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
31,6g/kg
Clay
25,5%
Sand
27,6%
Silt
47,0%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: ssGLiM
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
50,8g/kg
Clay
24,5%
Sand
28,2%
Silt
47,3%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
28,5g/kg
Clay
25,3%
Sand
27,0%
Silt
47,7%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
15,5g/kg
Clay
26,6%
Sand
27,5%
Silt
45,9%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest36.9%
Crops46.1%
Built-up0.7%
Bare soil0.3%
Other (grassland, water…)16.1%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology9 basins · 10 lakes · 64 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
378,4km
Lake surface here
5,24km²
Basins crossed
9
Max stream order
5
Max drainage
5 414km²
Discharge in basins
21,5m³/s
Mean precip.
648mm/an
Mean T°
8,2°C
Moisture idx
-0,22
Max snow
29%
Mean runoff
179mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
337m
Watersheds crossing here
- Bassin de Bódvasub-area1 745,7 km²overlap689.30 km²45%
- Bassin de Hernádsub-area1 517,1 km²overlap407.72 km²27%
- Bassin de Hornádsub-area748,4 km²overlap209.25 km²14%
- Bassin de Torysasub-area1 345,9 km²overlap105.30 km²7%
- Bassin de Nyíri-pataksub-area530,1 km²overlap88.21 km²6%
- Bassin de Kystiansky potoksub-area228,6 km²overlap9.77 km²1%
- Bassin de Bačkovský potoksub-area152,6 km²overlap8.02 km²1%
- Bassin de Topľasub-area999,7 km²overlap0.68 km²0%
- Bassin de Spišský potoksub-area639,3 km²overlap0.56 km²0%
Lakes (10, top by area)
- Ružínarea2 km²avg depth29.1 m
- Jazero Gečaarea1,2 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Kechnecarea1,1 km²avg depth0.8 m
- Lac 1344385area0,9 km²avg depth27.3 m
- Lac 1345227area0,4 km²avg depth1.5 m
- Lac 1344467area0,3 km²avg depth7.4 m
- Lac 1344929area0,3 km²avg depth3.0 m
- Lac 1344876area0,1 km²avg depth2.1 m
- Lac 1345228area0,1 km²avg depth2.1 m
1 more lakes
Rivers / streams (64, ord ≥ 4)
- Hornádord 5len here47.39 km43%total110 km
- Idaord 3len here44.27 km91%total49 km
- Bodvaord 4len here35.06 km100%total35 km
- Olšavaord 3len here25.83 km34%total75 km
- Čečejovský potokord 2len here17.85 km100%total18 km
- Trstiankaord 1len here9.71 km100%total10 km
- Blatný potokord 2len here9.33 km86%total11 km
- Čonkášord 1len here8.34 km65%total13 km
- Svinický potokord 2len here7.92 km100%total8 km
- Slančíkord 2len here7.82 km100%total8 km
- Beláord 3len here7.21 km19%total38 km
- Pstružníkord 4len here7.03 km63%total11 km
52 more river segmentssorted by Strahler order + length
- Piverský potokord 2len here6.46 km100%total6 km
- Trebeľaord 1len here6.30 km100%total6 km
- Sopotnicaord 2len here6.01 km23%total26 km
- Drienovecord 1len here5.85 km100%total6 km
- Bystrý potokord 3len here5.73 km34%total17 km
- Opátkaord 1len here5.70 km100%total6 km
- Marovkaord 1len here5.52 km100%total6 km
- Dúhový potokord 2len here5.42 km100%total5 km
- Sartošord 2len here5.37 km99%total5 km
- Rešický potokord 4len here5.30 km100%total5 km
- Šemšiansky potokord 2len here4.84 km100%total5 km
- Stavenecord 1len here4.72 km100%total5 km
- Jedľovecord 2len here4.70 km74%total6 km
- Chrastniansky potokord 4len here4.54 km100%total5 km
- Ovčinský potokord 1len here4.03 km100%total4 km
- Kamenný potokord 2len here3.95 km13%total31 km
- Zábavaord 1len here3.48 km100%total3 km
- Bódvaord 4len here3.42 km5%total64 km
- Komárovský kanálord 1len here3.38 km100%total3 km
- Vyšnolánsky kanálord 2len here3.21 km100%total3 km
- Torysaord 4len here3.14 km7%total46 km
- Repiskový kanálord 1len here3.05 km100%total3 km
- Ďurkovský potokord 3len here2.96 km100%total3 km
- Jastrabecord 1len here2.85 km100%total3 km
- Turňaord 2len here2.83 km16%total18 km
- Kanský potokord 1len here2.73 km100%total3 km
- Oľšavkaord 1len here2.51 km50%total5 km
- Hýľovord 4len here2.41 km100%total2 km
- Perínsky kanálord 3len here2.34 km100%total2 km
- Slaný potokord 1len here2.32 km38%total6 km
- Zlatínord 1len here2.32 km100%total2 km
- Bociansky kanálord 1len here2.27 km100%total2 km
- Miglincord 1len here2.27 km100%total2 km
- Štósky potokord 1len here2.18 km100%total2 km
- Stará Bodvaord 4len here2.02 km100%total2 km
- Kuzmický potokord 2len here1.95 km15%total13 km
- Chlmecord 1len here1.59 km18%total9 km
- Šugovský potokord 1len here1.57 km100%total2 km
- Bukovinaord 1len here1.39 km100%total1 km
- Belžiansky potokord 1len here1.30 km100%total1 km
- Svinkaord 3len here1.28 km4%total36 km
- Lapis-patakord 1len here1.02 km28%total4 km
- Hrabovecord 2len here0.70 km11%total6 km
- Balkaord 4len here0.66 km5%total13 km
- Ličartovský potokord 4len here0.66 km5%total13 km
- Tuhrinský potokord 1len here0.65 km16%total4 km
- Oľšavecord 2len here0.60 km7%total9 km
- Veščeníkord 4len here0.50 km6%total8 km
- Izraord 1len here0.43 km5%total10 km
- Drienovský potokord 1len here0.10 km2%total4 km
- Hŕbkový potokord 2len here0.09 km5%total2 km
- Hernádord 6len here≈ tangenttotal92 km
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
0hab/km²
Night light
0,5nW
Built-up
68,4%
Pesticides
11,4kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas61
IUCN Not Reported · 27IUCN Ia · 13IUCN III · 8IUCN IV · 5IUCN Not Assigned · 4IUCN V · 2IUCN Not Applicable · 1IUCN II · 1
Zempléni-hegység a Szerencsi-dombsággal és a Hernád-völggyel
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2004
1 145 km²
Slanské vrchy
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2003
604 km²
Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak Karst
IUCN Not ApplicableWorld Heritage Site (natural or mixed) · 1995
596 km²
Slovenský kras
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2003
448 km²
Slovenský kras
IUCN VNational Park; third level of protection · 2002
355 km²
Complete list61 protected areas
- Volovské vrchySpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported20031 219 km²
- Zempléni-hegység a Szerencsi-dombsággal és a Hernád-völggyelSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported20041 145 km²
- Slanské vrchySpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2003604 km²
- Caves of Aggtelek Karst and Slovak KarstWorld Heritage Site (natural or mixed)IUCN Not Applicable1995596 km²
- Slovenský krasSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2003448 km²
- Slovenský krasNational Park; third level of protectionIUCN V2002355 km²
- Zempléni Tájvédelmi KörzetLandscape Protection AreaIUCN V1984268 km²
- Aggteleki-karsztSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2004236 km²
- Aggteleki-karszt és peremterületeiSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2010231 km²
- Aggteleki Nemzeti ParkNational ParkIUCN II1985202 km²
- Košická kotlinaSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2003180 km²
- Slovenský kras- OPBuffer Zone of the National Park; second level/grade of protectionIUCN Not Assigned2002104 km²
- Stredné PohornádieSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported202471 km²
- Horný vrchSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported202463 km²
- MiličSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported202451 km²
- Hernád-völgy és Sajóládi-erdőSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201050 km²
- Bódva-völgy és a Sas-patak-völgyeSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201027 km²
- Čierna MoldavaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported202419 km²
- Északi-Zempléni-hegységSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201019 km²
- StrahuľkaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported202412 km²
- PalantaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20248 km²
- Füzéri Pál-hegySpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20107 km²
- Dolný tok TorysySpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20243 km²
- Hornádske meandreSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20242 km²
- KrčmárkaNature Reserve / Private Nature ReserveIUCN IV19742 km²
- SivecNational Nature ReserveIUCN Ia19542 km²
- Dolný tok HornáduSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20242 km²
- BokšovNational Nature ReserveIUCN Ia19541 km²
- Haništiansky lesSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20241 km²
- Perínske rybníkyProtected Site / Private Protected SiteIUCN IV19871 km²
- HumenecNational Nature ReserveIUCN Ia19531 km²
- Bujanovská dubinaNational Nature ReserveIUCN Ia19661 km²
- VozárskaNational Nature ReserveIUCN Ia19661 km²
- Veľký MiličNational Nature ReserveIUCN Ia19671 km²
- Hornádske lúkySpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20241 km²
- Pralesy Slovenska- Marocká hoľaNature Reserve / Private Nature ReserveIUCN Ia19501 km²
- Bujanovská dubina- OPBuffer Zone of a National Nature Reserve, Nature Reserve, National Nature Monument, Nature Monument;IUCN Not Assigned19661 km²
- Malé brdoNature Reserve / Private Nature ReserveIUCN Ia19501 km²
- Zemné hradiskoNature Reserve / Private Nature ReserveIUCN IV19931 km²
- Stredný tok BodvySpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20241 km²
- Trebejovské skalySpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20240 km²
- Dolný tok OľšavySpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20240 km²
- Vysoký vrchNature Reserve / Private Nature ReserveIUCN Ia19930 km²
- Jasovské dubinySpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20240 km²
- KloptaňNature Reserve / Private Nature ReserveIUCN Ia19930 km²
- KloptaňSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20240 km²
- Rankovské skalyNature Reserve / Private Nature ReserveIUCN Ia19760 km²
- Slanský hradný vrchNature Reserve / Private Nature ReserveIUCN IV19330 km²
- Malý MiličNational Nature ReserveIUCN Ia19500 km²
- Kysacká jaskyňa- OPBuffer Zone of a National Nature Reserve, Nature Reserve, National Nature Monument, Nature Monument;IUCN Not Assigned20210 km²
- Miličská skalaNature Monument / Private Nature MonumentIUCN III19900 km²
- Herliansky gejzír- OPBuffer Zone of a National Nature Reserve, Nature Reserve, National Nature Monument, Nature Monument;IUCN Not Assigned19960 km²
- Nižnočajská pieskovňaProtected Site / Private Protected SiteIUCN IV19940 km²
- Trstinové jazeroNature Monument / Private Nature MonumentIUCN III19900 km²
- Malá IzraNature Reserve / Private Nature ReserveIUCN Ia19760 km²
- Hatinská jaskyňaNature Monument / Private Nature MonumentIUCN III20120 km²
- Jasovská jaskyňaNational Nature MonumentIUCN III19720 km²
- Drienovská jaskyňaNational Nature MonumentIUCN III19960 km²
- Kunia priepasťNational Nature MonumentIUCN III19960 km²
- Skalistý potokNational Nature MonumentIUCN III19960 km²
+ 1 protected areas (top 60 shown)
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN