Ontologia

Province · irn

Golestan

Iran

BShArid, steppe, hot(43 %)

Species observed

2 152

Observations

58 190

Area

20 486km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 32 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Golestan : 25 espèces reliées par 66 interactions GloBI sur 4 types (connectance 11.8%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 9 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
34
Interactions affichées
66
Connectance
0.118
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

2 152 distinct species · 58 190 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

58 190 obs · 322 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 2 498
165–2 497
40–164
14–39
< 14

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

15,8°C

Annual rain

492mm

Warmest m°

31,7°C

Coldest m°

-0,3°C

Elevation: 495 m on average (min -32 m, max 3 552 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
15,8°C
Annual rain
492mm
Warmest month
31,7°C
Coldest month
-0,3°C
Mean alt.
495m
Min
-32m
Max
3 552m
Std. dev.
672m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
BShArid, steppe, hot(43 %)Arid

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

7,6

Org. C

14,1g/kg

Clay

25,7%

Sand

19,9%

Silt

54,4%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,5
Org. C
23,2g/kg
Clay
24,9%
Sand
20,3%
Silt
54,7%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,6
Org. C
9,4g/kg
Clay
25,6%
Sand
19,9%
Silt
54,4%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,7
Org. C
9,5g/kg
Clay
26,5%
Sand
19,5%
Silt
54,0%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest14.8%
Crops37.6%
Built-up0.4%
Bare soil12.4%
Other (grassland, water…)34.8%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology37 basins · 34 lakes · 23 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

1 202,9km

Lake surface here

264,98km²

Basins crossed

37

Max stream order

6

Max drainage

31 562km²

Discharge in basins

513,6m³/s

Mean precip.

299mm/an

Mean T°

15,9°C

Moisture idx

-0,76

Max snow

17%

Mean runoff

70mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

523m

Watersheds crossing here

28 more basins

Lakes (34, top by area)

25 more lakes

Rivers / streams (23, ord ≥ 4)

11 more river segments

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

1hab/km²

Night light

0,9nW

Built-up

40,1%

Pesticides

4,0kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas8

IUCN Not Applicable · 3IUCN IV · 2IUCN Not Reported · 2IUCN Ia · 1🌊 Marine · 4

Hazar

IUCN Ia

State Nature Reserve · 1932

2 660 km²

Hyrcanian Forests

IUCN Not Applicable

World Heritage Site (natural or mixed) · 2019

1 452 km²

Golestan

IUCN Not Applicable

UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve · 1976

896 km²

Miankaleh

IUCN Not Applicable

UNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve · 1976

709 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN

Sub-administrations6