Western Ghats
IUCN Not ApplicableWorld Heritage Site (natural or mixed) · 2012
8 115 km²
District · IND
The Nilgiris
India
CwbTemperate, dry winter, warm summer(41 %)
Species observed
3 017
Observations
406 457
Area
2 546,2km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 29 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de The Nilgiris : 25 espèces dont 2 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 31 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 7.6%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 4 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
29
Interactions affichées
31
Connectance
0.076
Patrimoniales
2
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
3 017 distinct species · 406 457 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
19,0°C
Annual rain
1 848mm
Warmest m°
27,2°C
Coldest m°
11,0°C
Elevation: 1 453 m on average (min 115 m, max 2 451 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
19,0°C
Annual rain
1 848mm
Warmest month
27,2°C
Coldest month
11,0°C
Mean alt.
1 453m
Min
115m
Max
2 451m
Std. dev.
561m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CwbTemperate, dry winter, warm summer(41 %)Temperate
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
5,8
Org. C
34,3g/kg
Clay
31,7%
Sand
37,7%
Silt
30,6%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: mtGLiM
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,8
Org. C
44,5g/kg
Clay
29,7%
Sand
38,9%
Silt
31,4%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,8
Org. C
34,2g/kg
Clay
31,0%
Sand
38,1%
Silt
30,9%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,8
Org. C
24,3g/kg
Clay
34,3%
Sand
36,1%
Silt
29,6%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest65.0%
Crops3.6%
Built-up0.8%
Bare soil1.1%
Other (grassland, water…)29.7%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology11 basins · 10 lakes · 21 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
227,1km
Lake surface here
20,44km²
Basins crossed
11
Max stream order
3
Max drainage
2 379km²
Discharge in basins
36,3m³/s
Mean precip.
1 536mm/an
Mean T°
21,5°C
Moisture idx
-0,01
Mean runoff
529mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
1 097m
Watersheds crossing here
- Bassin de Moyarsub-area1 716,4 km²overlap1096.28 km²43%
- Bassin de Bhavanisub-area1 268,6 km²overlap406.23 km²16%
- Bassin de Bhavanisub-area296,3 km²overlap266.10 km²10%
- Bassin de Punnappuzha (പുന്നപ്പുഴ)sub-area473,1 km²overlap263.43 km²10%
- Bassin de Nugusub-area1 292,9 km²overlap224.57 km²9%
- Bassin de Bhavanisub-area409,9 km²overlap123.89 km²5%
- Bassin de Chaliyar riversub-area431,8 km²overlap107.65 km²4%
- Bassin de Pandipuzhasub-area336,3 km²overlap45.33 km²2%
- Bassin de Kuthirapuzhasub-area277,6 km²overlap7.05 km²0%
2 more basinssorted by overlap
Lakes (10, top by area)
- Lake #79664area3,5 km²avg depth28.8 m
- Pykara reservoirarea3,5 km²avg depth25.2 m
- Avalanchi reservoirarea3,1 km²avg depth50.0 m
- Lake #79643area2,7 km²avg depth22.2 m
- Avalanchi reservoirarea2,2 km²avg depth69.9 m
- Lake #79640area2,1 km²avg depth24.4 m
- Sandynulla Lakearea1,9 km²avg depth9.7 m
- Lac 1401461area0,9 km²avg depth7.2 m
- Lac 1401350area0,4 km²avg depth6.6 m
1 more lakes
Rivers / streams (21, ord ≥ 4)
- Moyarord 5len here59.64 km36%total166 km
- Doddabetta Odaiord 3len here44.28 km96%total46 km
- Punnappuzha (പുന്നപ്പുഴ)ord 3len here25.98 km38%total69 km
- Bhavaniord 5len here14.95 km4%total361 km
- Pykaraord 2len here13.82 km100%total14 km
- ketti odaiord 1len here13.18 km100%total13 km
- noolpuzhaord 2len here11.55 km76%total15 km
- Geddhehaada Halla Riverord 1len here10.44 km85%total12 km
- sandynallahord 1len here6.49 km100%total7 km
- Kallar Riverord 2len here5.45 km41%total13 km
- Maruthapuzhaord 2len here3.69 km18%total21 km
- Panniyara Thoduord 1len here3.67 km57%total6 km
9 more river segmentssorted by Strahler order + length
- Vaduvana kaninkavu thoduord 2len here2.91 km92%total3 km
- chitragiri 2ord 2len here2.68 km100%total3 km
- Choladi Puzhaord 2len here2.01 km100%total2 km
- Streamord 3len here1.59 km4%total37 km
- kalakkam puzhaord 2len here1.47 km16%total9 km
- Chaliyar riverord 5len here1.33 km1%total108 km
- chellamgode thoduord 3len here1.03 km31%total3 km
- kottur puzhaord 1len here0.77 km32%total2 km
- Kuthirapuzhaord 3len here0.14 km0%total42 km
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
3hab/km²
Night light
0,5nW
Built-up
74,7%
Pesticides
4,2kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas1
IUCN Not Applicable · 1
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN