Nuwaragala
IUCN IbReserved Forest · 1929
986 km²
District · lka
Polonnaruwa
Sri Lanka
AwTropical, savannah(82 %)
Species observed
1 135
Observations
28 364
Area
3 438,7km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 28 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Polonnaruwa : 24 espèces dont 3 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 22 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 5.8%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 4 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
28
Interactions affichées
22
Connectance
0.058
Patrimoniales
3
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
1 135 distinct species · 28 364 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
27,5°C
Annual rain
1 411mm
Warmest m°
34,6°C
Coldest m°
20,9°C
Elevation: 72 m on average (min 11 m, max 364 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
27,5°C
Annual rain
1 411mm
Warmest month
34,6°C
Coldest month
20,9°C
Mean alt.
72m
Min
11m
Max
364m
Std. dev.
47m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
AwTropical, savannah(82 %)Tropical
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
47,0g/kg
Clay
32,9%
Sand
33,2%
Silt
33,9%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
65,0g/kg
Clay
32,1%
Sand
33,6%
Silt
34,3%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
41,3g/kg
Clay
32,8%
Sand
33,5%
Silt
33,7%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
34,6g/kg
Clay
33,8%
Sand
32,4%
Silt
33,8%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest62.2%
Crops20.0%
Built-up0.6%
Bare soil0.4%
Other (grassland, water…)16.7%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology9 basins · 50 lakes · 6 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
260,3km
Lake surface here
105,92km²
Basins crossed
9
Max stream order
5
Max drainage
10 161km²
Discharge in basins
425,1m³/s
Mean precip.
1 731mm/an
Mean T°
27,0°C
Moisture idx
0,12
Mean runoff
649mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
115m
Watersheds crossing here
- Bassin de Eriga_Oya_Canalssub-area1 185,4 km²overlap1109.50 km²32%
- Bassin de Amban Gangasub-area1 624,5 km²overlap514.20 km²15%
- Bassin de Mahaweli Riversub-area455,1 km²overlap453.15 km²13%
- Bassin de Mahaweli Riversub-area1 064,4 km²overlap443.59 km²13%
- Bassin de Maduru Oyasub-area1 753,6 km²overlap330.60 km²10%
- Bassin de Mahaweli Riversub-area666 km²overlap326.28 km²9%
- Bassin de waterwaysub-area1 007,3 km²overlap195.39 km²6%
- Bassin de Pankulam Arusub-area1 598,9 km²overlap41.26 km²1%
- Bassin de Yan Oyasub-area1 661 km²overlap24.73 km²1%
Lakes (50, top by area)
- Madura Oya Reservoirarea48,6 km²avg depth12.3 m
- Lake Parakramaarea23,3 km²avg depth5.5 m
- Kaudulla Wewaarea23,2 km²avg depth4.2 m
- Minneriya Wewaarea21,6 km²avg depth26.9 m
- Kantale Wewaarea20,3 km²avg depth5.1 m
- Pimburattewa Tankarea9,6 km²avg depth4.1 m
- Giritale Wewaarea3,1 km²avg depth8.9 m
- Lake #80116area2,5 km²avg depth2.2 m
- Lake #80103area2,5 km²avg depth1.2 m
41 more lakes
- Lake #80098area2 km²avg depth1.9 m
- Lake #80045area1,4 km²avg depth2.2 m
- Ambagas Wewaarea1,3 km²avg depth1.5 m
- Lake #80084area1,3 km²avg depth1.4 m
- Elle Wewaarea1 km²avg depth2.2 m
- Lac 1404448area0,8 km²avg depth1.9 m
- Lac 1404550area0,8 km²avg depth2.5 m
- Lac 1404445area0,8 km²avg depth2.5 m
- Lac 1404396area0,6 km²avg depth2.0 m
- Lac 1404347area0,6 km²avg depth2.4 m
- Lac 1404141area0,5 km²avg depth2.4 m
- Lac 1404383area0,5 km²avg depth1.4 m
- Lac 1404326area0,4 km²avg depth2.3 m
- Lac 1404206area0,4 km²avg depth3.9 m
- Lac 1404245area0,4 km²avg depth3.6 m
- Lac 1404506area0,4 km²avg depth3.3 m
- Lac 1404435area0,4 km²avg depth2.0 m
- Lac 1404382area0,3 km²avg depth2.2 m
- Lac 1404387area0,3 km²avg depth1.9 m
- Lac 1404374area0,3 km²avg depth1.8 m
- Lac 1404320area0,3 km²avg depth2.2 m
- Lac 1404328area0,3 km²avg depth1.5 m
- Lac 1404585area0,3 km²avg depth2.6 m
- Lac 1404398area0,3 km²avg depth2.4 m
- Lac 1404369area0,3 km²avg depth2.8 m
- Lac 1404388area0,3 km²avg depth2.3 m
- Lac 1404440area0,3 km²avg depth1.9 m
- Lac 1404290area0,3 km²avg depth1.9 m
- Lac 1404462area0,2 km²avg depth2.7 m
- Lac 1404284area0,2 km²avg depth2.1 m
- Lac 1404238area0,2 km²avg depth2.4 m
- Lac 1404385area0,2 km²avg depth1.7 m
- Lac 1404426area0,2 km²avg depth2.0 m
- Lac 1404454area0,2 km²avg depth1.8 m
- Lac 1404482area0,2 km²avg depth2.5 m
- Lac 1404209area0,2 km²avg depth2.4 m
- Lac 1404314area0,2 km²avg depth1.9 m
- Lac 1404578area0,2 km²avg depth2.8 m
- Lac 1404599area0,2 km²avg depth2.3 m
- Lac 1404298area0,2 km²avg depth3.2 m
- Lac 1404431area0,2 km²avg depth2.2 m
Rivers / streams (6, ord ≥ 4)
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
1hab/km²
Night light
0,1nW
Built-up
61,7%
Pesticides
11,8kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas42
IUCN Ib · 24IUCN II · 7IUCN IV · 7IUCN Ia · 3IUCN Not Applicable · 1
Maduru Oya
IUCN IINational Park · 1986
500 km²
Kantalai
IUCN IbReserved Forest · 1902
467 km²
Somawatiya Chaithya
IUCN IINational Park · 1986
405 km²
Wasgamuwa
IUCN IINational Park · 1984
392 km²
Thoppigala
IUCN IbReserved Forest · 2013
260 km²
Complete list42 protected areas
- NuwaragalaReserved ForestIUCN Ib1929986 km²
- Maduru OyaNational ParkIUCN II1986500 km²
- KantalaiReserved ForestIUCN Ib1902467 km²
- Somawatiya ChaithyaNational ParkIUCN II1986405 km²
- WasgamuwaNational ParkIUCN II1984392 km²
- ThoppigalaReserved ForestIUCN Ib2013260 km²
- Hurulu Forest ReserveUNESCO-MAB Biosphere ReserveIUCN Not Applicable1977256 km²
- Minneriya - Giritale (Block 1-5)Nature ReserveIUCN IV1988226 km²
- TrikonamaduNature ReserveIUCN IV1986219 km²
- HuruluConservation ForestIUCN Ia2012184 km²
- Flood PlainsNational ParkIUCN II1984176 km²
- ChundankaduReserved ForestIUCN Ib1940176 km²
- MahaweliReserved ForestIUCN Ib1939156 km²
- TalapathkandaReserved ForestIUCN Ib2009101 km²
- ElaheraReserved ForestIUCN Ib201394 km²
- Pannichankarathi F.RReserved ForestIUCN Ib201393 km²
- Minneriya-Giritale Section INature ReserveIUCN IV198887 km²
- MinneriyaNational ParkIUCN II193886 km²
- Kathiraweli F.RReserved ForestIUCN Ib201378 km²
- KoralaiReserved ForestIUCN Ib192976 km²
- Hurulu/KonwewaReserved ForestIUCN Ib194271 km²
- KaudullaNational ParkIUCN II200267 km²
- Minneriya - GiritaleSanctuaryIUCN IV193859 km²
- KelegamaReserved ForestIUCN Ib201254 km²
- SigiriyaSanctuaryIUCN IV199053 km²
- AnawulandawaConservation ForestIUCN Ia200848 km²
- AluthoyaReserved ForestIUCN Ib200941 km²
- Vappiah VerugalReserved ForestIUCN Ib194137 km²
- Minneriya-Giritale Section IINature ReserveIUCN II199327 km²
- RalapanawaReserved ForestIUCN Ib200920 km²
- PolonnaruwaSanctuaryIUCN IV193818 km²
- RiverineNature ReserveIUCN IV199117 km²
- RatmaleReserved ForestIUCN Ib201211 km²
- BorawewaReserved ForestIUCN Ib201210 km²
- MoragaswewaReserved ForestIUCN Ib20097 km²
- UnagollewaReserved ForestIUCN Ib20097 km²
- WeeralandaReserved ForestIUCN Ib20096 km²
- GiritaleReserved ForestIUCN Ib20084 km²
- WeheragalaReserved ForestIUCN Ib20111 km²
- UlpathwewaReserved ForestIUCN Ib20091 km²
- PaludeniyaReserved ForestIUCN Ib20111 km²
- MuwanpalassakeleConservation ForestIUCN Ia20080 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN