Serra d'Espadà (ZEPA)
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2000
653 km²
Commune · ESP
Plana Baixa
Spain
BSkArid, steppe, cold(69 %)
Species observed
3 988
Observations
152 009
Area
604,4km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 45 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Plana Baixa : 37 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 107 interactions GloBI sur 5 types (connectance 10.8%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 8 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
45
Interactions affichées
107
Connectance
0.108
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
3 988 distinct species · 152 009 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
16,7°C
Annual rain
541mm
Warmest m°
28,1°C
Coldest m°
5,7°C
Elevation: 196 m on average (min -6 m, max 857 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
16,7°C
Annual rain
541mm
Warmest month
28,1°C
Coldest month
5,7°C
Mean alt.
196m
Min
-6m
Max
857m
Std. dev.
196m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
BSkArid, steppe, cold(69 %)Arid
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
7,5
Org. C
32,9g/kg
Clay
26,7%
Sand
37,0%
Silt
36,3%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: scGLiMaggregated to Castellón
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,4
Org. C
52,3g/kg
Clay
26,7%
Sand
36,7%
Silt
36,6%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,5
Org. C
25,2g/kg
Clay
27,2%
Sand
35,9%
Silt
36,9%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,5
Org. C
21,2g/kg
Clay
26,1%
Sand
38,4%
Silt
35,4%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest29.3%
Crops6.5%
Built-up2.2%
Bare soil4.3%
Other (grassland, water…)57.8%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology6 basins · 1 lakes · 21 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
154,9km
Lake surface here
1,21km²
Basins crossed
6
Max stream order
5
Max drainage
4 076km²
Discharge in basins
6,4m³/s
Mean precip.
452mm/an
Mean T°
16,0°C
Moisture idx
-0,55
Max snow
3%
Mean runoff
92mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
215m
Watersheds crossing here
- Bassin de Riu Sec de Betxísub-area623,9 km²overlap527.96 km²87%
- Bassin de Riu Millarssub-area155 km²overlap55.01 km²9%
- Bassin de Riu de Montlleósub-area1 523,3 km²overlap9.72 km²2%
- Bassin de Rambla de la Viudasub-area16,8 km²overlap7.45 km²1%
- Bassin de Barranc d'Àrguines o Rambla de Somasub-area969,9 km²overlap3.91 km²1%
- Bassin de Río Mijaressub-area928,5 km²overlap0.30 km²0%
Lakes (1, top by area)
Rivers / streams (21, ord ≥ 4)
- Riu Sec de Betxíord 2len here18.91 km100%total19 km
- Canal de la Cota 100ord 1len here16.72 km100%total17 km
- Riu Millarsord 4len here16.08 km57%total28 km
- Barranc de Guinsaord 1len here14.09 km100%total14 km
- Barranc de Betxíord 1len here11.62 km100%total12 km
- Riu Belcaireord 2len here9.90 km100%total10 km
- Barranc de la Serraletaord 2len here8.72 km98%total9 km
- Barranc de Garrutord 1len here8.58 km73%total12 km
- Riu de la Font de Sant Josepord 1len here6.54 km100%total7 km
- Fillola de Santa Pauord 2len here6.23 km100%total6 km
- Barranc de Castroord 2len here5.82 km100%total6 km
- el Barrancord 1len here5.55 km100%total6 km
9 more river segmentssorted by Strahler order + length
- Séquia Nicolauord 2len here5.19 km100%total5 km
- Canal Cota 220ord 4len here4.91 km60%total8 km
- Rambla de la Viudaord 5len here4.55 km11%total43 km
- Canal de Torreblancaord 2len here3.90 km83%total5 km
- Barranc de la Serradaord 1len here3.68 km100%total4 km
- Canal del Pantàord 4len here1.64 km16%total10 km
- Séquia de Llogaretsord 1len here0.85 km14%total6 km
- Ull d'Hortolans 2 ?ord 1len here0.69 km101%total1 km
- Barranc de la Rambletaord 1len here0.69 km34%total2 km
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
2hab/km²
Night light
7,0nW
Built-up
219,9%
Pesticides
28,8kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas26
IUCN Not Reported · 10IUCN III · 8IUCN IV · 5IUCN V · 3🌊 Marine · 9
Sierra Espadà
IUCN VNatural Park · 1998
312 km²
Serra d'Espadà
IUCN Not ReportedSite of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)
310 km²
Curs alt del riu Millars
IUCN Not ReportedSite of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)
101 km²
Alguers de Borriana-Nules-Moncofa
IUCN Not ReportedSite of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)
41 km²
Marjal d'Almenara
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2021
15 km²
Complete list26 protected areas
- Serra d'Espadà (ZEPA)Special Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2000653 km²
- Sierra EspadàNatural ParkIUCN V1998312 km²
- Serra d'EspadàSite of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported310 km²
- Curs alt del riu MillarsSite of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported101 km²
- Alguers de Borriana-Nules-MoncofaSite of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported41 km²
- Marjal d'AlmenaraSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported202115 km²
- Marjal i Estanys d'AlmenaraSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported200915 km²
- Marjal de AlmenaraWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site)IUCN IV201715 km²
- Marjal y Estanys d`AlmenaraWetland SiteIUCN IV201115 km²
- Marjal de NulesSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20156 km²
- Marjal de Nules-BurrianaWetland SiteIUCN IV20115 km²
- Desembocadura del MillarsProtected LandscapeIUCN III20054 km²
- Desembocadura del riu MillarsSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported20003 km²
- Desembocadura del riu MillarsSite of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported3 km²
- Desembocadura del MillarsWetland SiteIUCN IV20113 km²
- Clot de la Mare de DéuNature Place (Local Interest)IUCN V20020 km²
- Clot de la Mare de DéuWetland SiteIUCN IV20110 km²
- L´EstanyNature Place (Local Interest)IUCN V20040 km²
- Platja de MoncofaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20210 km²
- Cova del ToroCaveIUCN III20060 km²
- Cova de l`OnderaCaveIUCN III20060 km²
- Cova de l`EretaCaveIUCN III20060 km²
- La CovatillaCaveIUCN III20060 km²
- Cova MatildeCaveIUCN III20060 km²
- Coves de Sant JosepCaveIUCN III20060 km²
- Mina Virgen del AmparoCaveIUCN III20060 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN
Sub-administrations20
- Alcudia de VeoSubdivision
- AlfondeguillaSubdivision
- AlmenaraSubdivision
- Alquerías del Niño PerdidoSubdivision
- ArtanaSubdivision
- AínSubdivision
- BetxíSubdivision
- BurrianaSubdivision
- ChilchesSubdivision
- EslidaSubdivision
- La LlosaSubdivision
- La Vall d'UixóSubdivision
- La VilavellaSubdivision
- MoncofaSubdivision
- NulesSubdivision
- OndaSubdivision
- RibesalbesSubdivision
- SuerasSubdivision
- TalesSubdivision
- VillarrealSubdivision