Hortobágy
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2004
1 211 km²
County · hun
Hajdú-Bihar
Hungary
DfaCold, no dry season, hot summer(98 %)
Species observed
6 540
Observations
344 347
Area
6 324,7km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 31 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Hajdú-Bihar : 24 espèces dont 2 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 55 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 11.8%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 7 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
31
Interactions affichées
55
Connectance
0.118
Patrimoniales
2
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
6 540 distinct species · 344 347 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
11,2°C
Annual rain
580mm
Warmest m°
27,3°C
Coldest m°
-3,9°C
Elevation: 102 m on average (min 84 m, max 162 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
11,2°C
Annual rain
580mm
Warmest month
27,3°C
Coldest month
-3,9°C
Mean alt.
102m
Min
84m
Max
162m
Std. dev.
19m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
DfaCold, no dry season, hot summer(98 %)Cold
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
6,8
Org. C
22,8g/kg
Clay
30,3%
Sand
33,3%
Silt
36,5%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,7
Org. C
34,5g/kg
Clay
29,3%
Sand
31,3%
Silt
39,4%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,7
Org. C
20,4g/kg
Clay
31,2%
Sand
28,4%
Silt
40,4%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,0
Org. C
13,6g/kg
Clay
30,3%
Sand
40,1%
Silt
29,6%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest10.2%
Crops70.5%
Built-up0.7%
Bare soil0.4%
Other (grassland, water…)18.2%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology11 basins · 50 lakes · 71 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
1 232,1km
Lake surface here
51,69km²
Basins crossed
11
Max stream order
7
Max drainage
64 123km²
Discharge in basins
128,3m³/s
Mean precip.
587mm/an
Mean T°
10,2°C
Moisture idx
-0,36
Max snow
11%
Mean runoff
107mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
133m
Watersheds crossing here
- Bassin de Barcăusub-area7 872,4 km²overlap4006.67 km²63%
- Bassin de Hortobágysub-area1 006,7 km²overlap1009.53 km²16%
- Bassin de Hamvas-főcsatornasub-area598,5 km²overlap517.01 km²8%
- Bassin de Tiszasub-area1 653,2 km²overlap229.74 km²4%
- Bassin de Crișul Repedesub-area2 088,6 km²overlap189.44 km²3%
- Bassin de Német-érsub-area444,5 km²overlap172.27 km²3%
- Bassin de Érpatak (VIII. sz.) főfolyássub-area901 km²overlap127.39 km²2%
- Bassin de Hortobágy–Berettyó-főcsatornasub-area124,9 km²overlap37.24 km²1%
- Bassin de Tiszasub-area479,6 km²overlap29.84 km²0%
Lakes (50, top by area)
- Lake #68742area5,5 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Fertő-laposi-tőarea2,9 km²avg depth0.8 m
- Kondás-tóarea2,9 km²avg depth0.8 m
- Csécs-mocsár VI.area2,9 km²avg depth0.6 m
- Lake #68685area2,6 km²avg depth0.8 m
- Lake #68752area2,3 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lake #68901area2,1 km²avg depth0.7 m
- Fényes-tóarea1,9 km²avg depth0.6 m
- Lake #68904area1,9 km²avg depth0.7 m
41 more lakes
- I.-II. tóarea1,7 km²avg depth0.7 m
- Lake #68620area1,4 km²avg depth1.8 m
- Borsosi-tóarea1,3 km²avg depth0.6 m
- Hortobágyi-halastóarea1,3 km²avg depth0.7 m
- VI. tóarea1,2 km²avg depth0.5 m
- VIII. tóarea1 km²avg depth0.5 m
- VII. tóarea1 km²avg depth0.5 m
- Lake #68949area1 km²avg depth0.8 m
- Lac 1349558area1 km²avg depth1.6 m
- Lac 1349570area0,9 km²avg depth1.3 m
- Lac 1349652area0,9 km²avg depth0.9 m
- Lac 1348011area0,9 km²avg depth1.3 m
- Lac 1348551area0,9 km²avg depth1.2 m
- Lac 1349341area0,8 km²avg depth1.3 m
- Lac 1348732area0,8 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lac 1349230area0,8 km²avg depth1.6 m
- Lac 1349604area0,8 km²avg depth1.4 m
- Lac 1349529area0,8 km²avg depth1.1 m
- Lac 1351419area0,7 km²avg depth1.5 m
- Lac 1349407area0,7 km²avg depth1.4 m
- Lac 1348487area0,7 km²avg depth1.5 m
- Lac 1348439area0,7 km²avg depth1.4 m
- Lac 1349503area0,6 km²avg depth1.2 m
- Lac 1349291area0,6 km²avg depth1.2 m
- Lac 1351438area0,6 km²avg depth1.9 m
- Lac 1349795area0,6 km²avg depth1.8 m
- Lac 1349474area0,5 km²avg depth1.5 m
- Lac 1349469area0,5 km²avg depth1.4 m
- Lac 1349220area0,4 km²avg depth1.5 m
- Lac 1348012area0,4 km²avg depth1.6 m
- Lac 1350975area0,4 km²avg depth1.5 m
- Lac 1349651area0,4 km²avg depth1.1 m
- Lac 1349338area0,4 km²avg depth1.3 m
- Lac 1348760area0,4 km²avg depth1.6 m
- Lac 1348930area0,4 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lac 1349649area0,4 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lac 1349842area0,3 km²avg depth1.1 m
- Lac 1349665area0,3 km²avg depth1.9 m
- Lac 1349907area0,3 km²avg depth0.8 m
- Lac 1350197area0,3 km²avg depth1.1 m
- Lac 1351719area0,3 km²avg depth0.5 m
Rivers / streams (71, ord ≥ 4)
- Keleti-főcsatornaord 4len here120.41 km91%total132 km
- Hortobágyord 4len here108.38 km99%total109 km
- Sárréti-főcsatornaord 3len here73.69 km100%total74 km
- Köselyord 4len here53.31 km100%total53 km
- Berettyóord 5len here41.26 km66%total62 km
- Kutas-főcsatornaord 2len here37.66 km96%total39 km
- Villongó-érord 2len here35.43 km100%total35 km
- Konyári-Kállóord 1len here33.07 km98%total34 km
- Hamvas-főcsatornaord 3len here32.97 km94%total35 km
- Nagy-érord 3len here31.10 km100%total31 km
- Nyugati-főcsatornaord 3len here27.35 km56%total49 km
- Tócó-patakord 2len here25.59 km100%total26 km
59 more river segmentssorted by Strahler order + length
- Kálló-érord 4len here25.25 km100%total25 km
- Sebes-Körösord 5len here24.77 km71%total35 km
- Kóc-érord 1len here24.32 km100%total24 km
- Bodzásord 2len here24.07 km100%total24 km
- Vidi-érord 2len here23.16 km100%total23 km
- Kondorosi-érord 2len here23.11 km100%total23 km
- Király-érord 1len here22.96 km69%total33 km
- Ó berettyóord 4len here22.76 km100%total23 km
- Zúgó-érord 1len here21.62 km100%total22 km
- Ölyvös-érord 2len here20.10 km100%total20 km
- Csente-Szakáli alsó-csatornaord 1len here20.07 km100%total20 km
- Gúti-érord 1len here18.92 km100%total19 km
- Brassó-érord 2len here17.97 km100%total18 km
- Tiszaord 7len here16.74 km2%total717 km
- Kati-érord 2len here16.18 km100%total16 km
- Ó-Berettyóord 5len here16.09 km93%total17 km
- Kis-Körösord 2len here13.78 km100%total14 km
- Acsádi-érord 2len here13.59 km100%total14 km
- Pece-érord 2len here13.34 km100%total13 km
- Barát-érord 1len here13.04 km100%total13 km
- Guti-érord 1len here12.95 km99%total13 km
- Létai-érord 2len here11.76 km100%total12 km
- Tocó-csatornaord 2len here10.87 km100%total11 km
- Árkus-érord 1len here10.22 km80%total13 km
- Monostori-érord 1len here10.14 km100%total10 km
- Bagaméri-érord 1len here9.90 km100%total10 km
- Pocsalyi-érord 1len here9.88 km100%total10 km
- Kondorosord 2len here9.69 km100%total10 km
- Alsó-Kadarcs-csatornaord 1len here9.30 km100%total9 km
- Darvas-Bogárzó-csatornaord 2len here8.75 km100%total9 km
- Dusnok-érord 1len here8.63 km74%total12 km
- Hollós-Dézsány-csatornaord 2len here8.30 km100%total8 km
- Zsáka-Furtai-csatornaord 1len here7.88 km100%total8 km
- Cserei-érord 1len here7.83 km100%total8 km
- Ierord 4len here7.65 km5%total146 km
- Kis-Vámos-érord 1len here7.45 km100%total7 km
- Hortobágy–Berettyó-főcsatornaord 4len here7.09 km9%total79 km
- Kadarcs-Karácsonyfoki-főcsatornaord 1len here6.92 km100%total7 km
- K-VI.-főcsatornaord 2len here6.25 km100%total6 km
- Cozmăuord 3len here5.84 km15%total39 km
- Tence csatornaord 1len here5.52 km100%total6 km
- Kis-Pályi-érord 1len here5.51 km100%total6 km
- Vámos-érord 2len here4.94 km100%total5 km
- Kösely-Hajdúszováti-átmetszésord 4len here4.45 km100%total4 km
- Holt-Sebes-Körösord 3len here3.60 km9%total42 km
- Fehér-tói-érord 3len here3.50 km100%total4 km
- Makkodi főcsatornaord 2len here2.70 km100%total3 km
- Hejő-főcsatornaord 7len here2.24 km7%total32 km
- Német-érord 3len here1.90 km10%total19 km
- Bökönyi folyásord 2len here1.90 km16%total12 km
- Nagy-fok-csatornaord 1len here1.62 km100%total2 km
- Crișul Micord 1len here1.56 km18%total9 km
- Sajóord 7len here1.51 km2%total75 km
- Sarkad-Mérges-Sáros-érord 2len here0.72 km6%total12 km
- Üzemvíz-csatornaord 7len here0.50 km8%total6 km
- Alsóréti-csatornaord 7len here0.23 km4%total6 km
- Tiszafüredi II. öntöző csatornaord 2len here0.19 km1%total18 km
- Kecskeri (Karcagi II.)-csatornaord 2len here0.12 km0%total35 km
- Tiszafüredi-főcsatornaord 1len here≈ tangenttotal7 km
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
1hab/km²
Night light
0,7nW
Built-up
69,8%
Pesticides
18,7kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas72
IUCN Not Reported · 59IUCN V · 7IUCN IV · 4IUCN II · 2📍 Point sites · 1
Hortobágy
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2010
1 052 km²
Hortobágyi Nemzeti Park
IUCN IINational Park · 1973
804 km²
Bihar
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2004
716 km²
Câmpia Nirului - Valea Ierului
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2007
383 km²
Hortobágy
IUCN IIWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site) · 1979
318 km²
Complete list72 protected areas
- HortobágySpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported20041 211 km²
- HortobágySpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20101 052 km²
- Hortobágyi Nemzeti ParkNational ParkIUCN II1973804 km²
- BiharSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2004716 km²
- Câmpia Nirului - Valea IeruluiSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2007383 km²
- HortobágyWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site)IUCN II1979318 km²
- Câmpia CareiuluiSite of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2009236 km²
- Borsodi-MezöségWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site)IUCN V2008185 km²
- Borsodi-Mezőség Tájvédelmi KörzetLandscape Protection AreaIUCN V1989185 km²
- Tisza-tóSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2010178 km²
- Bihari-sík Tájvédelmi KörzetLandscape Protection AreaIUCN V1998166 km²
- Dévaványa környéki gyepekSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2010140 km²
- Közép-BiharSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2010120 km²
- Hajdúsági Tájvédelmi KörzetLandscape Protection AreaIUCN V198871 km²
- KesznyétenSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported200464 km²
- Kesznyéteni Tájvédelmi KörzetLandscape Protection AreaIUCN V199058 km²
- Gúti-erdőSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201057 km²
- Debrecen-hajdúböszörményi tölgyesekSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201056 km²
- Lunca BarcăuluiSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported200753 km²
- Kaba-földesi gyepekSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201051 km²
- Kesznyéteni Sajó-öbölSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201047 km²
- Derecske - konyári gyepekSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201038 km²
- Bihari-legelőSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201026 km²
- Kismarja - Pocsaj - Esztári-gyepekSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201024 km²
- Liget-legelőSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201222 km²
- Kék-Kálló-völgyeSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201015 km²
- Dél-ásványi gyepekSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201015 km²
- Sebes-KörösSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201015 km²
- Berekböszörmény - körmösdpusztai legelőkSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201014 km²
- Debreceni Nagyerdő Természetvédelmi TerületNature Conservation AreaIUCN V195911 km²
- Szentpéterszeg-hencidai gyepekSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201010 km²
- Kismarjai Nagy-szikSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20108 km²
- Bihari-legelő természetvédelmi területNature Conservation AreaIUCN IV19868 km²
- GatálySpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20107 km²
- Csökmői gyepekSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20106 km²
- Hajdúszoboszlói szikes gyepekSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20106 km²
- Felső-Sebes-KörösSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20105 km²
- Hármashegyi-tölgyesekSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20105 km²
- Sándorosi tavakSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20105 km²
- Darvasi Csiff-pusztaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20105 km²
- Penészleki gyepekSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20125 km²
- Lányi-legelőSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20104 km²
- DiosigSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20224 km²
- Bánki-erdőSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20104 km²
- Martinkai-legelőSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20104 km²
- Hajdúszováti gyepekSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20103 km²
- Kőrises - Jónás-részSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20103 km²
- Hajdúbagosi-legelőSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20103 km²
- Holt-Sebes-KörösSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20103 km²
- Pocsaji-kapuSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20103 km²
- Hajdúbagosi földikutya-rezervátum természetvédelmi területNature Conservation AreaIUCN IV19763 km²
- Nagy-Széksós - RakottyásSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20102 km²
- Sámsoni úti BellegelőSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20102 km²
- Mikepércsi Nyárfáshegyi-legelőSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20102 km²
- Rauchbauer-erdőSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20102 km²
- Csohos-tóSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20102 km²
- Tiszaújvárosi ártéri erdőkSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20132 km²
- Czakó-tóSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20102 km²
- Halápi Álló-hegySpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20102 km²
- Tiszadorogmai Göbe-Erdő természetvédelmi területNature Conservation AreaIUCN IV19842 km²
+ 12 protected areas (top 60 shown)
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN