Ontologia

Commune · ESP

Comarca de Santander

Spain

CfbTemperate, no dry season, warm summer(99 %)

Species observed

2 912

Observations

170 054

Area

268,7km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 35 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Comarca de Santander : 27 espèces dont 2 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 88 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 14.8%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 8 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
35
Interactions affichées
88
Connectance
0.148
Patrimoniales
2
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

2 912 distinct species · 170 054 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

170 054 obs · 8 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 70 551
70 551–70 550
28 994–70 550
11 261–28 993
< 11 261

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

14,5°C

Annual rain

1 431mm

Warmest m°

22,9°C

Coldest m°

6,0°C

Elevation: 77 m on average (min -37 m, max 598 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
14,5°C
Annual rain
1 431mm
Warmest month
22,9°C
Coldest month
6,0°C
Mean alt.
77m
Min
-37m
Max
598m
Std. dev.
73m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CfbTemperate, no dry season, warm summer(99 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

5,8

Org. C

51,3g/kg

Clay

24,6%

Sand

36,2%

Silt

39,3%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: scGLiMaggregated to Cantabria

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,8
Org. C
78,9g/kg
Clay
23,3%
Sand
35,7%
Silt
41,0%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,8
Org. C
49,1g/kg
Clay
24,9%
Sand
35,8%
Silt
39,3%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,8
Org. C
25,8g/kg
Clay
25,4%
Sand
36,9%
Silt
37,6%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest27.8%
Crops17.1%
Built-up3.3%
Bare soil1.4%
Other (grassland, water…)50.4%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology2 basins · 1 lakes · 15 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

58,7km

Lake surface here

0,16km²

Basins crossed

2

Max stream order

4

Max drainage

2 487km²

Discharge in basins

0,4m³/s

Mean precip.

1 039mm/an

Mean T°

12,4°C

Moisture idx

0,25

Max snow

8%

Mean runoff

785mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

367m

Watersheds crossing here

Lakes (1, top by area)

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

6hab/km²

Night light

8,5nW

Built-up

329,1%

Pesticides

9,7kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas9

IUCN Not Reported · 4IUCN V · 3IUCN Not Assigned · 2🌊 Marine · 5

Río Pas

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2015

10 km²

Río Pas

IUCN Not Assigned

Natura 2000 · 2006

10 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN

Sub-administrations8