Kilimanjaro National Park
IUCN IINational Park · 1973
1 714 km²
Commune · TZA
Machame Mashariki
Tanzania
CfbTemperate, no dry season, warm summer(78 %)
Species observed
486
Observations
5 035
Area
85,1km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 20 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Machame Mashariki : 19 espèces reliées par 15 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 7.1%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 2 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
21
Interactions affichées
15
Connectance
0.071
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
486 distinct species · 5 035 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
12,9°C
Annual rain
2 507mm
Warmest m°
18,8°C
Coldest m°
5,5°C
Elevation: 2 426 m on average (min 1 186 m, max 4 379 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
12,9°C
Annual rain
2 507mm
Warmest month
18,8°C
Coldest month
5,5°C
Mean alt.
2 426m
Min
1 186m
Max
4 379m
Std. dev.
855m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CfbTemperate, no dry season, warm summer(78 %)Temperate
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
5,5
Org. C
50,4g/kg
Clay
30,2%
Sand
42,0%
Silt
27,8%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: mtGLiMaggregated to Hai
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,6
Org. C
64,8g/kg
Clay
29,2%
Sand
42,9%
Silt
28,0%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,5
Org. C
48,1g/kg
Clay
30,1%
Sand
42,2%
Silt
27,7%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,5
Org. C
38,2g/kg
Clay
31,4%
Sand
41,1%
Silt
27,6%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest41.8%
Crops11.0%
Built-up1.1%
Bare soil1.5%
Other (grassland, water…)44.5%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology1 basins · 0 lakes · 2 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
15,9km
Basins crossed
1
Max stream order
2
Max drainage
678km²
Discharge in basins
0,9m³/s
Mean precip.
1 206mm/an
Mean T°
17,6°C
Moisture idx
-0,15
Max snow
1%
Mean runoff
296mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
1 715m
Watersheds crossing here
Rivers / streams (2, ord ≥ 4)
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
2hab/km²
Night light
0,0nW
Built-up
112,8%
Pesticides
0,0kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas2
IUCN II · 1IUCN Not Applicable · 1
Kilimanjaro National Park
IUCN Not ApplicableWorld Heritage Site (natural or mixed) · 1987
750 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN