Estrecho Occidental
IUCN Not ReportedSite of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)
2 006 km²
Commune · ESP
Campo de Gibraltar
Spain
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(100 %)
Species observed
7 566
Observations
1 319 753
Area
1 526,2km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 35 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Campo de Gibraltar : 28 espèces reliées par 65 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 10.9%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 7 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
35
Interactions affichées
65
Connectance
0.109
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
7 566 distinct species · 1 319 753 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
17,3°C
Annual rain
877mm
Warmest m°
27,3°C
Coldest m°
9,0°C
Elevation: 178 m on average (min -114 m, max 757 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
17,3°C
Annual rain
877mm
Warmest month
27,3°C
Coldest month
9,0°C
Mean alt.
178m
Min
-114m
Max
757m
Std. dev.
151m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(100 %)Temperate
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
6,4
Org. C
33,5g/kg
Clay
31,9%
Sand
36,2%
Silt
31,9%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: smGLiMaggregated to Cádiz
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,3
Org. C
54,0g/kg
Clay
31,1%
Sand
36,2%
Silt
32,7%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,4
Org. C
26,9g/kg
Clay
32,3%
Sand
34,8%
Silt
33,0%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,4
Org. C
19,7g/kg
Clay
32,3%
Sand
37,7%
Silt
30,0%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest31.8%
Crops14.8%
Built-up0.8%
Bare soil2.1%
Other (grassland, water…)50.5%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology5 basins · 3 lakes · 28 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
252,1km
Lake surface here
3,91km²
Basins crossed
5
Max stream order
3
Max drainage
1 479km²
Discharge in basins
7,2m³/s
Mean precip.
801mm/an
Mean T°
16,5°C
Moisture idx
-0,24
Max snow
2%
Mean runoff
257mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
261m
Watersheds crossing here
- Bassin de Rio Palmonessub-area884,2 km²overlap849.70 km²56%
- Bassin de Rio Hozgargantasub-area1 478,5 km²overlap357.76 km²23%
- Bassin de Río Barbatesub-area1 292,4 km²overlap197.67 km²13%
- Bassin de Rio del Cachónsub-area146,6 km²overlap117.06 km²8%
- Bassin de Arroyo de las Cañassub-area1 028,8 km²overlap3.95 km²0%
Lakes (3, top by area)
Rivers / streams (28, ord ≥ 4)
- Rio Hozgargantaord 2len here38.41 km100%total38 km
- Rio Palmonesord 3len here33.14 km100%total33 km
- Río Almodóvarord 2len here26.85 km70%total38 km
- Rio Guadarranqueord 3len here25.09 km100%total25 km
- Rio Guadiaroord 3len here24.21 km69%total35 km
- Río Guadarranqueord 3len here10.57 km100%total11 km
- Arroyo de la Madre Vieja o de Alhajaord 3len here10.19 km100%total10 km
- Riode los Codosord 2len here8.28 km100%total8 km
- Arroyo de Pasada Blancaord 2len here6.91 km42%total16 km
- Rio Guadacorteord 1len here6.91 km100%total7 km
- Rio de Ahojizord 2len here6.65 km100%total7 km
- Río Guadiaroord 3len here6.27 km89%total7 km
16 more river segmentssorted by Strahler order + length
- Rio de la Vegaord 1len here6.23 km100%total6 km
- Garganta del Valdeinfiernoord 1len here5.74 km100%total6 km
- Rio del Cachónord 1len here5.14 km95%total5 km
- Arroyo de la Mielord 1len here5.01 km91%total6 km
- Río de la Jaraord 2len here4.83 km100%total5 km
- Río del Valleord 1len here4.30 km99%total4 km
- Arroyo del Guadalquitónord 1len here3.58 km100%total4 km
- Arroyo de Botafuegoord 1len here3.38 km100%total3 km
- Rio Guadalmesiord 1len here2.09 km94%total2 km
- Arroyo de Marchenillaord 1len here2.05 km96%total2 km
- Arroyo de la Mujerord 1len here1.64 km100%total2 km
- Garganta de la Casilla de Loberosord 1len here1.54 km68%total2 km
- Arroyo Los Frailesord 1len here1.27 km100%total1 km
- Arroyo de Cañueloord 1len here1.15 km100%total1 km
- Barranco de las Hoyasord 3len here0.51 km6%total9 km
- Arroyo de la Fresnilloord 3len here0.10 km1%total7 km
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
1hab/km²
Night light
2,9nW
Built-up
84,3%
Pesticides
23,4kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas33
IUCN Not Reported · 17IUCN IV · 10IUCN II · 3IUCN V · 2IUCN III · 1🌊 Marine · 19📍 Point sites · 1
Estrecho Occidental
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2023
2 006 km²
Los Alcornocales
IUCN IVNatura 2000 · 2017
1 735 km²
Los Alcornocales
IUCN VNatural Park · 1989
1 735 km²
Los Alcornocales
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2012
1 735 km²
Los Alcornocales
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 1989
1 735 km²
Complete list33 protected areas
- Estrecho OccidentalSite of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2 006 km²
- Estrecho OccidentalSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported20232 006 km²
- Los AlcornocalesNatura 2000IUCN IV20171 735 km²
- Los AlcornocalesNatural ParkIUCN V19891 735 km²
- Los AlcornocalesSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20121 735 km²
- Los AlcornocalesSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19891 735 km²
- Estrecho OrientalSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2012236 km²
- EstrechoSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2012192 km²
- EstrechoSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2003192 km²
- EstrechoNatura 2000IUCN IV1992192 km²
- EstrechoNatural ParkIUCN V2003189 km²
- Ríos Guadiaro y hozgargantaNatura 2000IUCN IV20154 km²
- Ríos Guadiaro y HozgargantaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20154 km²
- Playa de los LancesNature PlaceIUCN II19892 km²
- Marismas del Río PalmonesNatura 2000IUCN IV19921 km²
- Marismas del Río PalmonesSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20131 km²
- Marismas del Río PalmonesSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported20021 km²
- Marismas del Río PalmonesNature PlaceIUCN II19891 km²
- Fondos Marinos Estuario del Río GuadiaroNatura 2000IUCN IV20151 km²
- Fondos Marinos Estuario del Río GuadiaroSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20151 km²
- Fondos Marinos Marismas del Río PalmonesNatura 2000IUCN IV20151 km²
- Fondos Marinos Marismas del Río PalmonesSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20151 km²
- Estuario del Río GuadiaroSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported20020 km²
- Estuario del Río GuadiaroSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20130 km²
- Estuario del Río GuadiaroNature PlaceIUCN II19890 km²
- Estuario del Río GuadiaroNatura 2000IUCN IV19920 km²
- Río de la JaraNatura 2000IUCN IV20150 km²
- Río de La JaraSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20150 km²
- Duna de BoloniaNatural MonumentIUCN III20010 km²
- Búnker del Santuario de La LuzSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20150 km²
- Bunker del Santuario de la LuzNatura 2000IUCN IV20150 km²
- Bunker del TufilloNatura 2000IUCN IV20150 km²
- Búnker del TufilloSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20150 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN