Ontologia
Beaucarnea hiriartiae

Beaucarnea hiriartiae

L.Hern.

CRLR Monde (IUCN)
  1. Plante
  2. Tracheophyta
  3. Liliopsida
  4. Asparagales
  5. Asparagaceae
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Pays · région · aire protégée · écorégion · biome

Pas d'interactions documentées pour cette espèce.

Liste rouge IUCN

CR · En danger critiquecritères C1+2a(i); D↘Décroissante
Évaluation complète
Évaluation
2020 · v3.1
Altitude
250 – 800 m
Profondeur
– m
État de la populationExpert
The population of  Beaucarnea hiriartiae is not abundant due to biological factors such as dioecism and also because of reduction through illegal trade. Hernández and collaborators (2009) reported 51 individuals per 1,000 m2 in 1988. However, 10 years after they found no one individual in the same site. Another sample was done in 2008 finding a population of 128 individuals per 1,000 m2, but the population size has been declined in the last decade. In fact, this species is currently known from only two subpopulations with a number of mature individuals that does not exceed 50. Furthermore, at least 25% reduction in mature individuals may occur in the next one generation (E. Martínez Salas pers. comm. 2019).

Menaces identifiées(4 menaces classées CMP-IUCN)

  • 1_1
    Housing & urban areas
    Very Rapid DeclinesUnknownOngoing
  • 2_1_2
    Small-holder farming
    Very Rapid DeclinesMinority (<50%)Ongoing
  • 2_3_2
    Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming
    Very Rapid DeclinesMinority (<50%)Ongoing
  • 5_2_1
    Intentional use (species is the target)
    Very Rapid DeclinesMajority (50-90%)Ongoing
Description complète des menacesExpert
Among the main threats for Beaucarnea hiriartiae is the division of its range by the Mexico-Acapulco highway with the southern portion now a densely populated area (around Zumpango del Río). A minimal portion of the land has been converted to agricultural and livestock use, but the type of agriculture continues to be subsistence farming. The important source of income is the extraction of forest products. In fact, this species has been plundered from its habitat for illegal trade (Arriaga et al. 2000, Wilken et al. 2011, E. Martínez Salas pers. comm. 2019).

Habitats préférentiels (classification IUCN)

  • 1_5Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry★
Mesures de conservation recommandéesExpert
This species was assessed as Vulnerable in 1997 (Walter and Gillett 1998). Beaucarnea hiriartiae is listed on the CITES Appendix II, in order to control the trade and avoid its  incompatible use with species survival (CITES Checklist website 2019). At national level, B. hiriartiae is included in the category of "Threatened" of the Official Mexican Standard NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 (BGCI 2019, SEMARNAT 2010). The species occurs in the Priority Area for Conservation  "Cañon del Zopilote", which currently has no management legislation and in the "Los Manantiales de Parácuaro" (Michoacán), an area subject to Ecological Preservation. Additionally, the species is known from five ex situ collections. There remains much work to do to preserve this species and commercialize it with minimal impact on wild populations. There is a need for tools that can provide an integrated assessment of human impacts on this species range and that can support decision making related to the  site/area protection. Therefore, it would be beneficial to recommend sustainable production activities and livelihood alternatives to the destruction of the species habitat. In addition, it is recommended to improve monitoring of the habitat, population, harvest level and trade trends.
Actions de conservation (2)Expert
  • 1_1Site/area protection
  • 6_1Linked enterprises & livelihood alternatives
Stress écologiques (12)Expert
  • 1_1Ecosystem conversion
  • 1_1Ecosystem conversion
  • 1_1Ecosystem conversion
  • 1_2Ecosystem degradation
  • 1_2Ecosystem degradation
  • 1_2Ecosystem degradation
  • 1_2Ecosystem degradation
  • 2_1Species mortality
  • 2_1Species mortality
  • 2_1Species mortality
  • 2_1Species mortality
  • 2_2Species disturbance
Usage & commerce (1)Expert
  • 13Pets/display animals, horticulture
    internationalnational
Priorités de recherche (5)Expert
  • 1_2Population size, distribution & trends
  • 3_1Population trends
  • 3_2Harvest level trends
  • 3_3Trade trends
  • 3_4Habitat trends
Niche IUCN globaleExpert

Royaumes biogéographiques

Neotropical

Systèmes (terrestre/eau douce/marin)

Terrestrial

Formes de croissance

Succulent - tree
Références bibliographiques (15)Expert
  1. IUCN. 2020. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2020-1. Available at: <a href="www.iucnredlist.org">www.iucnredlist.org</a>. (Accessed: 19 March 2020).
  2. CITES Checklist website. 2019. Available at: <a href="http://checklist.cites.org">http://checklist.cites.org</a>.
  3. BGCI. 2019. Botanic Gardens Conservation International: Threat Search. Richmond Available at: <a href="http://www.bgci.org/threat_search.php">http://www.bgci.org/threat_search.php</a>. (Accessed: 2019).
  4. BGCI. 2018. Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) - Plant Search. Available at: <a href="https://www.bgci.org/plant_search.php">https://www.bgci.org/plant_search.php</a>.
  5. Departamento de Botánica, Instituto de Biología (IBUNAM). 2017. Plantas Vasculares. En Portal de Datos Abiertos UNAM (en línea). Mexico City Available at: <a href="http://datosabiertos.unam.mx/">http://datosabiertos.unam.mx/</a>. (Accessed: September 2017).
  6. Rojas-Piña, V., Olson, M.E., Alvarado-Cárdenas, L.O. and Eguiarte, L. 2016. Molecular phylogenetics and morphology of Beaucarnea (Ruscaceae) as distinct from Nolina, and the submersion of Calibanus into Beaucarnea. <i>Taxon</i> 63(6): 1193–1211.
  7. Walker, C. 2015. Beaucarnea updated. <i>Cactus World</i> 33(4): 267-272.
  8. Hernández-Sandoval, L., Osorio, M.L., Orellana, R., Martínez, M., Pérez, M.A., Contreras, A., Malda, G., Espadas, C., Almanza, K.E., Castillo, H.A. and Félix, A. 2012. Manejo y conservación de las especies con valor comercial de pata de elefante (Beaucarnea). Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro..
  9. Wiken, Ed., Jiménez Nava, F. and Griffith, G. 2011. <i>North American Terrestrial Ecoregions—Level III</i>. Commission for Environmental Cooperation, Montreal, Canada.
  10. Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A. W., de Torre, J. & Scott, B. 2011. Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: Geospatial conservation assessment tool. . <i>ZooKeys</i> 150: 117-126.
  11. Hernández Sandoval, L., Osorio, M. and Orellana., R. 2009. Las Patas de Elefante (<i>Beaucarnea</i> spp.) como recurso fitogenético disponible en México. Informe Final. Proyecto 2008. SINAREFI, SAGARPA. Sistema Nacional de Recursos Fitogenéticos para la Alimentación y la Agricultura (SINAREFI).
  12. GBIF. 2008. GBIF: Global Biodiversity Information Service. Accessed: March 23rd, 2008. (Accessed: Available at: http://data.gbif.org/).
  13. Arriaga, L., Espinoza, J.M., Aguilar, C., Martínez, E., Gómez, L. and Loa, E. (coordinadores). 2000. Regiones terrestres prioritarias de México. Comisión Nacional para el Conocimiento y uso de la Biodiversidad. México. Available at: <a href="http://www.conabio.gob.mx/conocimiento/regionalizacion/doctos/terrestres.html">http://www.conabio.gob.mx/conocimiento/regionalizacion/doctos/terrestres.html</a>.
  14. Hernández Sandoval, L. 1992. Una especie nueva de <i>Beaucarnea</i> (Nolinaceae). <i>Acta botánica Mexicana</i> 18: 25-29.
  15. SEMARNAT. 2010. NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 (Protección ambiental-Especies nativas de México de flora y fauna silvestres-Categorías de riesgo y especificaciones para su inclusión, exclusión o cambio-Lista de especies en riesgo). Diario Oficial de la Federación. 3 de diciembre de 2010. México. 77 pp.
Évaluateurs & contributeurs (2)Expert
assessor
Fuentes, A.C.D., Martínez Salas, E., Samain, M.-S. & Hernández Sandoval, L.
evaluator
Oldfield, S.

Fuentes, A.C.D., Martínez Salas, E., Samain, M.-S. & Hernández Sandoval, L. 2020. Beaucarnea hiriartiae. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T136808279A137376204. Accessed on 05 May 2026.

Répartition mondiale

Aucune observation géoréférencée avec précision suffisante (<10 km) dans GBIF pour cette espèce.

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