Ontologia
Beaucarnea goldmanii

Beaucarnea goldmanii

Rose

VULR Monde (IUCN)
  1. Plante
  2. Tracheophyta
  3. Liliopsida
  4. Asparagales
  5. Asparagaceae
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Pays · région · aire protégée · écorégion · biome

Graphe en cours d’indexation

Calcul du tissu écologique de Beaucarnea goldmanii.

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Liste rouge IUCN

VU · Vulnérablecritères A2acd↘Décroissante
Évaluation complète
Évaluation
2020 · v3.1
Altitude
400 – 1400 m
Profondeur
– m
État de la populationExpert
The population size appears to be large, with an estimation of slightly more than 10,000 mature individuals. In 2011, a study was carried out in two sites where the largest subpopulations occur in Chiapas, Mexico: Sumidero Canyon in the Central Depression and Uninajab-Tzimol in the south of the state. In the first case, the Beaucarnea goldmanii subpopulation is very dense with individuals separated 1–5 m from each other. Most are well-developed (8–10 m) and are certainly of considerable age. In this study, Pérez-Farrera and collaborators (2012) reported densities of  580 and 370 individuals per hectare (ind/ha) in two areas within the Natural Protected Area. The scenario of the subpopulation in Uninajab-Tzimol is very different. A density of 287 individuals per hectare (ind/ha) has been reported. A high amount of seedlings (70.5 ind/m2) was observed in the site, but they were not found again years later. It is likely a decline in the total population size of at least 30% took place in the last 100 years, due to the habitat threats and the species exploitation; hence, this subpopulation faces serious future problems for its maintenance (Martínez Salas pers. comm. 2019).

Menaces identifiées(3 menaces classées CMP-IUCN)

  • 2_1_3
    Agro-industry farming
    Very Rapid DeclinesMajority (50-90%)Ongoing
  • 2_3_3
    Agro-industry grazing, ranching or farming
    Very Rapid DeclinesMajority (50-90%)Ongoing
  • 5_2_1
    Intentional use (species is the target)
    Very Rapid DeclinesMajority (50-90%)Ongoing
Description complète des menacesExpert
The main threats for Beaucarnea goldmanii are the transformation of ecosystems and alteration of natural landscapes. More specifically, many subpopulation in Guatemala are disappearing due to the agriculture frontier expansion. In Chiapas, the subpopulation of Uninajab is likely to be affected by cattle through browsing and trampling, as it prevents the establishment of seedlings and the development and growth of juveniles. The degree of disturbance in the Sumidero Canyon is lower due to the fact that it is considered a protected area; however, it is worth mentioning that clearing activities have been recorded (Pérez Farrera et al. 2012, Hernández-Sandoval et al. 2012, Hernández-Sandoval et al. 2015). Additionally, it should be mentioned that the illegal extraction of seeds, seedlings, juveniles and adult individuals is still carried out under unsustainable management, although there are nurseries in Mexico that legally produce this ponytail palm. This situation does not only affect the size of the population, but also the proportion of sexes, reducing the chances of fertilization and seed production (CITES 2016).
 

Habitats préférentiels (classification IUCN)

  • 1_5Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry★
Mesures de conservation recommandéesExpert
This species was assessed as Vulnerable in 1997 (Walter and Gillett 1998). Beaucarnea goldmanii is listed on CITES Appendix II, in order to control the trade and avoid its incompatible use with species survival (CITES Checklist website 2019). At national level, the taxon is included in the category of "Threatened" in the Official Mexican Standard NOM-059-SEMARNAT-2010 (BGCI 2019, SEMARNAT 2010). The species occurs in the National Park "Cañón del Sumidero" (Chiapas, México). Given the strong problems of illegal extraction of seeds, seedlings, and mature individuals of this species, the Sumidero Canyon as National Protected Area (ANP) has been responsible for reducing the impact of extraction activities and maintaining stable subpopulations, even after some of these suffered alterations by the fires of 1998. Additionally,  the species is known from twelve ex situ worldwide collections (BGCI 2019). Beaucarnea goldmanii is also found in the following Mexican Botanic Gardens: "Faustino Miranda" (Tuxtla Gutiérrez, Chiapas), "Fco. Javier Clavijero, Instituto de Ecología A.C.", "Jardín Botánico de la Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro", and in the "Jardín Botánico de la Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México". There remains much work to do to preserve this species and commercialize it with minimal impact on wild populations. Therefore, it would be beneficial to recommend sustainable production activities and livelihood alternatives to the destruction of the species habitat. In addition, it is suggested to improve monitoring of the habitat, population, harvest level, and trade trends.
Actions de conservation (1)Expert
  • 6_1Linked enterprises & livelihood alternatives
Stress écologiques (10)Expert
  • 1_1Ecosystem conversion
  • 1_1Ecosystem conversion
  • 1_2Ecosystem degradation
  • 1_2Ecosystem degradation
  • 1_2Ecosystem degradation
  • 2_1Species mortality
  • 2_1Species mortality
  • 2_1Species mortality
  • 2_2Species disturbance
  • 2_2Species disturbance
Usage & commerce (4)Expert
  • 12Handicrafts, jewellery, etc.
    subsistance
  • 13Pets/display animals, horticulture
    internationalnationalsubsistance
  • 3Medicine - human & veterinary
    subsistance
  • 9Construction or structural materials
    subsistance
Priorités de recherche (4)Expert
  • 3_1Population trends
  • 3_2Harvest level trends
  • 3_3Trade trends
  • 3_4Habitat trends
Niche IUCN globaleExpert

Royaumes biogéographiques

Neotropical

Systèmes (terrestre/eau douce/marin)

Terrestrial

Formes de croissance

Succulent - tree
Références bibliographiques (10)Expert
  1. IUCN. 2020. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2020-1. Available at: <a href="www.iucnredlist.org">www.iucnredlist.org</a>. (Accessed: 19 March 2020).
  2. BGCI. 2019. Botanic Gardens Conservation International: Threat Search. Richmond Available at: <a href="http://www.bgci.org/threat_search.php">http://www.bgci.org/threat_search.php</a>. (Accessed: 2019).
  3. BGCI. 2018. Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) - Plant Search. Available at: <a href="https://www.bgci.org/plant_search.php">https://www.bgci.org/plant_search.php</a>.
  4. CITES. 2016. Inclusión del género Beaucarnea (Lemaire, 1861) en el Apéndice II. CoP17 Prop.XXX . Available at: <a href="https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/cop/17/prop/060216/E-CoP17-Prop-50.pdf">https://cites.org/sites/default/files/eng/cop/17/prop/060216/E-CoP17-Prop-50.pdf</a>.
  5. Hernández Sandoval L., Osorio Rosales M.L., Contreras Hernández H., Pérez Farrera M.A, Velázquez Martínez M.A., Martínez M., Meléndez López E.,Salas Morales S., Lucas J.., Castillo Gómez H., Suárez Domínguez J., and López Dearsia J. 2015. Atención integral a la problemática de las especies del género Beaucarnea (pata de elefante). In: Resultados en conservación, usoy aprovechamiento sustentablede recursos fitogenéticos para la alimentación y la agricultura . <i>Asociación Nacional para la Innovación y Desarrollo Tecnológico Agrícola, A. C.</i>.
  6. Hernández-Sandoval, L., Osorio, M.L., Orellana, R., Martínez, M., Pérez, M.A., Contreras, A., Malda, G., Espadas, C., Almanza, K.E., Castillo, H.A. and Félix, A. 2012. Manejo y conservación de las especies con valor comercial de pata de elefante (Beaucarnea). Universidad Autónoma de Querétaro, Querétaro..
  7. Pérez-Farrera, M.A., Hernández-Sandoval, L., López-Cruz, A., Espinosa-Jiménez, A.J., López, S., Zenteno-Cruz, G., and Gómez-Domínguez, H. 2012. Estructura, densidad poblacional y relaciones alométricas de Beaucarnea goldmanii Rose y Beaucarnea sanctomariana L. Hern. (Asparagaceae) en Chiapas y Oaxaca, México. <i>Lacandonia</i> 6(2): 7-17.
  8. Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A. W., de Torre, J. & Scott, B. 2011. Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: Geospatial conservation assessment tool. . <i>ZooKeys</i> 150: 117-126.
  9. NORMA Oficial Mexicana: NOM-059-SEMARNAT. 2010. Protección ambiental-Especies nativas de México de flora y fauna silvestres-Categorías de riesgo y especificaciones para su inclusión, exclusión o cambio-Lista de especies en riesgo.
  10. Walter, K.S. and Gillett, H.J. (eds). 1998. <i>1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants</i>. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. IUCN – The World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
Évaluateurs & contributeurs (2)Expert
assessor
Fuentes, A.C.D., Martínez Salas, E. & Samain, M.-S.
evaluator
Oldfield, S., Hernández Sandoval, L. & Piña, V.R.

Fuentes, A.C.D., Martínez Salas, E. & Samain, M.-S. 2020. Beaucarnea goldmanii. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2020: e.T162240304A162240885. Accessed on 05 May 2026.

Répartition mondiale (heatmap GBIF)Construction en cours

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Construction par partitions temporelles GBIF0%

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.2° × 0.2° (~22km). Filtre qualité : précision coordonnée < 10 km. Coloration quantile (q50/70/90/99). Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Distribution mondiale

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Phénologie

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Bibliographie

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