Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere Reserve
IUCN Not ReportedWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site) · 2022
527 km²
Commune · IND
Vilattikulam
India
AwTropical, savannah(100 %)
Species observed
161
Observations
1 618
Area
1 113,7km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 26 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Vilattikulam : 18 espèces dont 2 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 47 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 14.5%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 8 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
26
Interactions affichées
47
Connectance
0.145
Patrimoniales
2
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
161 distinct species · 1 618 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
29,2°C
Annual rain
766mm
Warmest m°
36,9°C
Coldest m°
21,4°C
Elevation: 31 m on average (min -2 m, max 77 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
29,2°C
Annual rain
766mm
Warmest month
36,9°C
Coldest month
21,4°C
Mean alt.
31m
Min
-2m
Max
77m
Std. dev.
17m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
AwTropical, savannah(100 %)Tropical
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
7,5
Org. C
34,6g/kg
Clay
35,9%
Sand
37,3%
Silt
26,8%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: mtGLiMaggregated to Thoothukkudi
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,5
Org. C
54,1g/kg
Clay
34,2%
Sand
38,5%
Silt
27,3%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,5
Org. C
26,4g/kg
Clay
35,5%
Sand
37,6%
Silt
26,8%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,6
Org. C
23,3g/kg
Clay
38,1%
Sand
35,7%
Silt
26,2%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest2.9%
Crops69.6%
Built-up0.5%
Bare soil4.1%
Other (grassland, water…)22.9%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology5 basins · 4 lakes · 2 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
61,6km
Lake surface here
4,38km²
Basins crossed
5
Max stream order
5
Max drainage
5 159km²
Discharge in basins
9,8m³/s
Mean precip.
717mm/an
Mean T°
29,1°C
Moisture idx
-0,57
Mean runoff
125mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
46m
Watersheds crossing here
Lakes (4, top by area)
Rivers / streams (2, ord ≥ 4)
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
1hab/km²
Night light
0,6nW
Built-up
52,5%
Pesticides
5,0kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas1
IUCN Not Reported · 1🌊 Marine · 1
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN