Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta
IUCN IINational Natural Park · 1964
5 742 km²
Municipality · COL
Valledupar
Colombia
AwTropical, savannah(77 %)
Species observed
1 828
Observations
78 219
Area
4 222,8km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 35 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Valledupar : 27 espèces dont 2 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 49 interactions GloBI sur 5 types (connectance 8.2%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 8 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
35
Interactions affichées
49
Connectance
0.082
Patrimoniales
2
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
1 828 distinct species · 78 219 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
24,3°C
Annual rain
2 003mm
Warmest m°
30,0°C
Coldest m°
18,9°C
Elevation: 710 m on average (min 48 m, max 4 986 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
24,3°C
Annual rain
2 003mm
Warmest month
30,0°C
Coldest month
18,9°C
Mean alt.
710m
Min
48m
Max
4 986m
Std. dev.
944m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
AwTropical, savannah(77 %)Tropical
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
5,8
Org. C
34,8g/kg
Clay
34,6%
Sand
33,3%
Silt
32,2%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: pyGLiM
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,8
Org. C
46,5g/kg
Clay
33,8%
Sand
33,5%
Silt
32,7%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,8
Org. C
33,8g/kg
Clay
34,3%
Sand
33,4%
Silt
32,2%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,8
Org. C
24,0g/kg
Clay
35,6%
Sand
32,9%
Silt
31,6%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest39.7%
Crops17.9%
Built-up0.3%
Bare soil1.4%
Other (grassland, water…)40.7%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology18 basins · 1 lakes · 40 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
531,8km
Lake surface here
0,15km²
Basins crossed
18
Max stream order
5
Max drainage
8 453km²
Discharge in basins
350,2m³/s
Mean precip.
1 562mm/an
Mean T°
23,3°C
Moisture idx
-0,09
Mean runoff
591mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
801m
Watersheds crossing here
- Bassin de Río Cesarsub-area1 847,2 km²overlap841.28 km²20%
- Bassin de Río Cesarsub-area781,6 km²overlap727.81 km²17%
- Bassin de Río Badillosub-area1 073,9 km²overlap662.93 km²16%
- Bassin de Río Donachuisub-area706,8 km²overlap570.19 km²14%
- Bassin de Río Cesarsub-area819,4 km²overlap499.10 km²12%
- Bassin de Río Secosub-area712,1 km²overlap378.02 km²9%
- Bassin de Río Cesarsub-area430,1 km²overlap353.64 km²8%
- Bassin de Río Ariguanísub-area523,6 km²overlap167.54 km²4%
- Bassin de Río Cesarsub-area24,3 km²overlap19.40 km²0%
9 more basinssorted by overlap
- Basin #60430sub-area358,1 km²overlap1.45 km²0%
- Bassin de Río Magiriaímo (Espíritu Santo)sub-area743,6 km²overlap0.59 km²0%
- Bassin de Río Aracatacasub-area781,7 km²overlap0.22 km²0%
- Bassin de Río San Miguelsub-area536,2 km²overlap0.21 km²0%
- Bassin de Río Palominosub-area695,9 km²overlap0.21 km²0%
- Bassin de Río Ariguanísub-area474,2 km²overlap0.10 km²0%
- Bassin de Río Cesarsub-area879,5 km²overlap0.08 km²0%
- Bassin de Río Brazo de La Corrientonasub-area1 343,6 km²overlap0.04 km²0%
- Bassin de Río Tocaimo (Jobo)sub-area435,9 km²overlap0.01 km²0%
Lakes (1, top by area)
Rivers / streams (40, ord ≥ 4)
- Río Cesarord 6len here131.27 km38%total349 km
- Río Badilloord 4len here53.20 km80%total66 km
- Río Guatapuríord 4len here51.56 km100%total52 km
- Río Donachuiord 3len here45.19 km96%total47 km
- Río Secoord 3len here42.11 km42%total101 km
- Arroyo Los Corazonesord 3len here16.53 km100%total17 km
- aacequia las mercedesord 4len here15.86 km100%total16 km
- Río Duncakareord 2len here14.04 km100%total14 km
- Río Pontónord 2len here13.92 km100%total14 km
- Río Cheruaord 1len here12.01 km100%total12 km
- Quebrada Los Mangosord 2len here11.43 km100%total11 km
- Arroyo Chicuinyaord 2len here9.19 km100%total9 km
28 more river segmentssorted by Strahler order + length
- Río Guatapuriord 5len here9.15 km100%total9 km
- Río Templadoord 2len here9.01 km100%total9 km
- Quebrada Tabincanaord 2len here8.89 km100%total9 km
- Río Curibaord 1len here8.72 km86%total10 km
- Arroyo Caña Fina (Morillo)ord 2len here8.51 km100%total9 km
- Quebrada Maminguecaord 1len here7.14 km100%total7 km
- Río Candelaord 3len here6.89 km100%total7 km
- Quebrada Chenucikaord 1len here6.47 km100%total6 km
- Río Chiubirumeinaord 1len here6.34 km62%total10 km
- Arroyo Escondidoord 2len here5.73 km100%total6 km
- Arroyo El Caimitoord 1len here5.10 km100%total5 km
- Arroyo Arigani (La Chacara)ord 1len here3.65 km100%total4 km
- Quebrada Yuichichugacaord 1len here3.40 km85%total4 km
- Arroyo La Hoyadaord 1len here3.37 km100%total3 km
- Arroyo El Morroord 1len here2.90 km100%total3 km
- Arroyo Valentinaord 1len here2.89 km100%total3 km
- Arroyo Bunkuameinaqueord 3len here2.73 km100%total3 km
- Arroyo Caño Bobalord 1len here2.45 km100%total2 km
- Arroyo Los Cominosord 1len here2.08 km100%total2 km
- Río Timacaord 2len here2.04 km21%total10 km
- Arroyo Limonal ó Las Palmasord 1len here1.79 km100%total2 km
- Arroyo Vipancuacaord 1len here1.43 km100%total1 km
- Arroyo Santisimoord 1len here1.43 km100%total1 km
- Río Cumbirumeinaord 2len here0.91 km100%total1 km
- Quebrada Mallamaord 1len here0.69 km100%total1 km
- Arroyo Cuadirluaord 1len here0.69 km100%total1 km
- Arroyo El Mangalord 1len here0.62 km38%total2 km
- Quebrada Coactaord 1len here0.46 km16%total3 km
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
1hab/km²
Night light
0,8nW
Built-up
33,0%
Pesticides
61,8kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas7
IUCN VI · 5IUCN II · 2🌊 Marine · 1
Los Besotes
IUCN IIRegional Natural Parks · 2008
31 km²
Paraver La Esperanza
IUCN VICivil Society Nature Reserve · 2023
4 km²
El Bosque Seco de Jacob Moisés Luque
IUCN VICivil Society Nature Reserve · 2021
3 km²
Los Ceibotes
IUCN VIRegional Protective Forest Reserves · 1992
3 km²
San Fernando
IUCN VICivil Society Nature Reserve · 2020
0 km²
Complete list7 protected areas
- Sierra Nevada de Santa MartaNational Natural ParkIUCN II19645 742 km²
- Los BesotesRegional Natural ParksIUCN II200831 km²
- Paraver La EsperanzaCivil Society Nature ReserveIUCN VI20234 km²
- El Bosque Seco de Jacob Moisés LuqueCivil Society Nature ReserveIUCN VI20213 km²
- Los CeibotesRegional Protective Forest ReservesIUCN VI19923 km²
- San FernandoCivil Society Nature ReserveIUCN VI20200 km²
- El Paraíso de Azucar BuenaCivil Society Nature ReserveIUCN VI20190 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN