Ontologia

Municipality · COL

Tuluá

Colombia

CfbTemperate, no dry season, warm summer(56 %)

Species observed

1 493

Observations

11 171

Area

893,7km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 32 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Tuluá : 26 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 31 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 6.2%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 6 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
32
Interactions affichées
31
Connectance
0.063
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

1 493 distinct species · 11 171 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

11 171 obs · 22 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 3 103
1 247–3 102
541–1 246
179–540
< 179

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

16,2°C

Annual rain

3 058mm

Warmest m°

20,0°C

Coldest m°

11,5°C

Elevation: 2 083 m on average (min 922 m, max 3 684 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
16,2°C
Annual rain
3 058mm
Warmest month
20,0°C
Coldest month
11,5°C
Mean alt.
2 083m
Min
922m
Max
3 684m
Std. dev.
819m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CfbTemperate, no dry season, warm summer(56 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

5,4

Org. C

66,1g/kg

Clay

33,1%

Sand

33,1%

Silt

33,8%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: mtGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,4
Org. C
84,6g/kg
Clay
32,4%
Sand
33,5%
Silt
34,2%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,4
Org. C
65,0g/kg
Clay
32,3%
Sand
33,6%
Silt
34,2%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,5
Org. C
48,8g/kg
Clay
34,5%
Sand
32,4%
Silt
33,1%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest48.8%
Crops11.2%
Built-up0.5%
Bare soil0.4%
Other (grassland, water…)39.2%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology4 basins · 0 lakes · 10 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

146,0km

Basins crossed

4

Max stream order

5

Max drainage

13 243km²

Discharge in basins

55,5m³/s

Mean precip.

1 499mm/an

Mean T°

15,9°C

Moisture idx

0,12

Max snow

1%

Mean runoff

1 119mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

2 268m

Watersheds crossing here

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

2hab/km²

Night light

1,5nW

Built-up

51,6%

Pesticides

71,2kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas26

IUCN VI · 23IUCN II · 2IUCN Not Reported · 1

El Argel

IUCN VI

Civil Society Nature Reserve · 2013

3 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN