iSimangaliso Marine Protected Area
IUCN Not ReportedMarine Protected Area · 2019
10 711 km²
Commune · ZAF
The Big 5 False Bay
South Africa
AwTropical, savannah(71 %)
Species observed
4 407
Observations
258 858
Area
2 121km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 19 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de The Big 5 False Bay : 17 espèces reliées par 16 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 9.4%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 2 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
19
Interactions affichées
16
Connectance
0.094
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
4 407 distinct species · 258 858 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
22,3°C
Annual rain
935mm
Warmest m°
27,8°C
Coldest m°
15,8°C
Elevation: 48 m on average (min -16 m, max 505 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
22,3°C
Annual rain
935mm
Warmest month
27,8°C
Coldest month
15,8°C
Mean alt.
48m
Min
-16m
Max
505m
Std. dev.
61m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
AwTropical, savannah(71 %)Tropical
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
6,1
Org. C
21,5g/kg
Clay
23,7%
Sand
59,5%
Silt
16,8%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: ssGLiMaggregated to Umkhanyakude
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,1
Org. C
29,8g/kg
Clay
23,1%
Sand
60,0%
Silt
16,9%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,1
Org. C
19,4g/kg
Clay
22,6%
Sand
60,4%
Silt
17,0%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,1
Org. C
15,4g/kg
Clay
25,2%
Sand
58,3%
Silt
16,5%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest27.1%
Crops10.3%
Built-up0.2%
Bare soil0.8%
Other (grassland, water…)61.6%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology5 basins · 30 lakes · 7 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
128,2km
Lake surface here
269,00km²
Basins crossed
5
Max stream order
5
Max drainage
9 338km²
Discharge in basins
30,1m³/s
Mean precip.
894mm/an
Mean T°
21,4°C
Moisture idx
-0,37
Mean runoff
197mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
108m
Watersheds crossing here
Lakes (30, top by area)
- St. Luciaarea321,9 km²avg depth16.3 m
- Neshearea4,4 km²avg depth3.8 m
- Lake #83589area3,7 km²avg depth1.7 m
- Lake Bhangaziarea2,9 km²avg depth7.9 m
- Bhangaziarea1,5 km²avg depth3.8 m
- Lac 1420306area0,6 km²avg depth3.7 m
- Lac 1420576area0,5 km²avg depth3.8 m
- Lac 1420598area0,5 km²avg depth1.1 m
- Lac 1420303area0,5 km²avg depth1.7 m
21 more lakes
- Lac 1420311area0,5 km²avg depth2.4 m
- Lac 1420594area0,3 km²avg depth0.8 m
- Lac 1420557area0,3 km²avg depth3.4 m
- Lac 1420377area0,3 km²avg depth1.8 m
- Lac 1420291area0,3 km²avg depth1.8 m
- Lac 1420582area0,2 km²avg depth3.5 m
- Lac 1420580area0,2 km²avg depth0.9 m
- Lac 1420431area0,2 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lac 1420602area0,2 km²avg depth1.1 m
- Lac 1420600area0,2 km²avg depth0.9 m
- Lac 1420680area0,2 km²avg depth2.5 m
- Lac 1420846area0,2 km²avg depth1.6 m
- Lac 1420604area0,2 km²avg depth0.7 m
- Lac 1420334area0,2 km²avg depth1.8 m
- Lac 1420512area0,2 km²avg depth4.5 m
- Lac 1420863area0,1 km²avg depth0.5 m
- Lac 1420786area0,1 km²avg depth3.3 m
- Lac 1420475area0,1 km²avg depth2.0 m
- Lac 1420587area0,1 km²avg depth0.5 m
- Lac 1420566area0,1 km²avg depth3.0 m
- Lac 1420673area0,1 km²avg depth0.7 m
Rivers / streams (7, ord ≥ 4)
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
0hab/km²
Night light
0,1nW
Built-up
21,1%
Pesticides
27,6kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas15
IUCN Not Reported · 13IUCN Not Applicable · 1IUCN II · 1🌊 Marine · 7
iSimangaliso Wetland Park – Maputo National Park
IUCN Not ApplicableWorld Heritage Site (natural or mixed) · 1999
3 977 km²
St. Lucia System
IUCN IIWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site) · 1986
1 393 km²
Turtle Beaches/Coral Reefs of Tongaland
IUCN Not ReportedWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site) · 1986
746 km²
St. Lucia Marine Reserve
IUCN Not ReportedNature Reserve · 1979
465 km²
St. Lucia Game Park
IUCN Not ReportedNature Reserve · 1916
378 km²
Complete list15 protected areas
- iSimangaliso Marine Protected AreaMarine Protected AreaIUCN Not Reported201910 711 km²
- iSimangaliso Wetland Park – Maputo National ParkWorld Heritage Site (natural or mixed)IUCN Not Applicable19993 977 km²
- St. Lucia SystemWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site)IUCN II19861 393 km²
- Turtle Beaches/Coral Reefs of TongalandWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site)IUCN Not Reported1986746 km²
- St. Lucia Marine ReserveNature ReserveIUCN Not Reported1979465 km²
- St. Lucia Game ParkNature ReserveIUCN Not Reported1916378 km²
- Mkuzi Game ReserveNature ReserveIUCN Not Reported1912333 km²
- Mun-ya-wana ConservancyNature ReserveIUCN Not Reported2019204 km²
- St. Lucia ParkNature ReserveIUCN Not Reported1939156 km²
- Thanda Private Game ReserveNature ReserveIUCN Not Reported201571 km²
- Mduna Royal Game ReserveNature ReserveIUCN Not Reported201555 km²
- Greater Ukuwela Nature ReserveNature ReserveIUCN Not Reported202114 km²
- Kube Yini Nature ReserveNature ReserveIUCN Not Reported202212 km²
- False Bay ParkNature ReserveIUCN Not Reported194412 km²
- Sodwana Bay National ParkNature ReserveIUCN Not Reported195012 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN