Lubombo Biosphere Reserve
IUCN Not ApplicableUNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve · 2019
2 478 km²
Constituency · SWZ
Siphofaneni
Swaziland
BShArid, steppe, hot(85 %)
Species observed
652
Observations
17 641
Area
549,6km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 13 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Siphofaneni : 12 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 8 interactions GloBI sur 2 types (connectance 10.3%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 1 bulle taxonomique (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
13
Interactions affichées
8
Connectance
0.103
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
652 distinct species · 17 641 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
21,5°C
Annual rain
673mm
Warmest m°
29,9°C
Coldest m°
10,0°C
Elevation: 320 m on average (min 154 m, max 892 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
21,5°C
Annual rain
673mm
Warmest month
29,9°C
Coldest month
10,0°C
Mean alt.
320m
Min
154m
Max
892m
Std. dev.
166m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
BShArid, steppe, hot(85 %)Arid
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
6,2
Org. C
18,0g/kg
Clay
34,0%
Sand
48,0%
Silt
17,9%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: paGLiM
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,1
Org. C
23,3g/kg
Clay
32,7%
Sand
49,0%
Silt
18,3%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,1
Org. C
17,7g/kg
Clay
33,2%
Sand
48,8%
Silt
18,0%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,2
Org. C
12,9g/kg
Clay
36,2%
Sand
46,2%
Silt
17,5%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest30.1%
Crops26.1%
Built-up0.6%
Bare soil0.4%
Other (grassland, water…)42.8%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology1 basins · 0 lakes · 7 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
118,9km
Basins crossed
1
Max stream order
5
Max drainage
14 655km²
Discharge in basins
21,7m³/s
Mean precip.
710mm/an
Mean T°
21,2°C
Moisture idx
-0,53
Mean runoff
153mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
401m
Watersheds crossing here
Rivers / streams (7, ord ≥ 4)
- Mzimpofuord 3len here42.85 km79%total54 km
- Lower Usuthuord 5len here36.04 km58%total62 km
- Mhlathuzaneord 3len here15.36 km42%total37 km
- Great Usutuord 5len here12.76 km75%total17 km
- Lubovane Feeder Canalord 2len here7.28 km100%total7 km
- Mtsindzekwaord 3len here4.40 km9%total50 km
- Lusutfuord 5len here0.17 km0%total133 km
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
0hab/km²
Night light
0,2nW
Built-up
60,7%
Pesticides
15,0kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas2
IUCN Not Applicable · 1IUCN II · 1
Mkhaya Game Reserve
IUCN IINature Reserve · 1985
100 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN