Ontologia

Municipality · COL

Santa María

Colombia

CfbTemperate, no dry season, warm summer(79 %)

Species observed

513

Observations

10 307

Area

454,4km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 18 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Santa María : 12 espèces reliées par 21 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 13.7%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 6 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
18
Interactions affichées
21
Connectance
0.137
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

513 distinct species · 10 307 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

10 307 obs · 13 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 3 248
2 401–3 247
1 006–2 400
521–1 005
< 521

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

15,5°C

Annual rain

2 720mm

Warmest m°

20,3°C

Coldest m°

10,6°C

Elevation: 2 275 m on average (min 887 m, max 3 383 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
15,5°C
Annual rain
2 720mm
Warmest month
20,3°C
Coldest month
10,6°C
Mean alt.
2 275m
Min
887m
Max
3 383m
Std. dev.
535m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CfbTemperate, no dry season, warm summer(79 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

5,3

Org. C

76,1g/kg

Clay

33,6%

Sand

36,6%

Silt

29,8%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: pyGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,3
Org. C
97,9g/kg
Clay
33,0%
Sand
36,8%
Silt
30,1%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,3
Org. C
75,4g/kg
Clay
33,2%
Sand
36,9%
Silt
29,8%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,4
Org. C
54,9g/kg
Clay
34,5%
Sand
36,1%
Silt
29,3%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest63.4%
Crops2.9%
Built-up0.1%
Bare soil0.8%
Other (grassland, water…)32.8%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology4 basins · 0 lakes · 4 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

73,0km

Basins crossed

4

Max stream order

3

Max drainage

1 536km²

Discharge in basins

12,6m³/s

Mean precip.

1 908mm/an

Mean T°

19,6°C

Moisture idx

0,20

Max snow

2%

Mean runoff

886mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

1 649m

Watersheds crossing here

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

0hab/km²

Night light

0,0nW

Built-up

8,2%

Pesticides

43,9kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas25

IUCN VI · 24IUCN II · 1

Birmania

IUCN VI

Civil Society Nature Reserve · 2022

3 km²

El Porvenir

IUCN VI

Civil Society Nature Reserve · 2023

0 km²

La Floresta

IUCN VI

Civil Society Nature Reserve · 2020

0 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN