Ontologia

Municipality · BGR

Sandanski

Bulgaria

CfaTemperate, no dry season, hot summer(48 %)

Species observed

2 859

Observations

26 391

Area

991,2km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 27 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Sandanski : 18 espèces reliées par 68 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 18.0%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 10 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
28
Interactions affichées
68
Connectance
0.180
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

2 859 distinct species · 26 391 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

26 391 obs · 25 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 4 888
2 346–4 887
1 041–2 345
523–1 040
< 523

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

10,0°C

Annual rain

678mm

Warmest m°

24,5°C

Coldest m°

-5,4°C

Elevation: 939 m on average (min 97 m, max 2 521 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
10,0°C
Annual rain
678mm
Warmest month
24,5°C
Coldest month
-5,4°C
Mean alt.
939m
Min
97m
Max
2 521m
Std. dev.
629m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CfaTemperate, no dry season, hot summer(48 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

6,5

Org. C

35,5g/kg

Clay

21,1%

Sand

49,4%

Silt

29,5%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: piGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,5
Org. C
60,9g/kg
Clay
19,6%
Sand
50,4%
Silt
30,0%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,5
Org. C
26,4g/kg
Clay
19,3%
Sand
51,5%
Silt
29,3%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,5
Org. C
19,1g/kg
Clay
24,6%
Sand
46,4%
Silt
29,0%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest46.1%
Crops12.4%
Built-up0.4%
Bare soil2.5%
Other (grassland, water…)38.7%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology8 basins · 0 lakes · 20 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

220,2km

Basins crossed

8

Max stream order

5

Max drainage

12 746km²

Discharge in basins

75,3m³/s

Mean precip.

535mm/an

Mean T°

11,1°C

Moisture idx

-0,43

Max snow

27%

Mean runoff

163mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

672m

Watersheds crossing here

Rivers / streams (20, ord ≥ 4)

8 more river segments

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

0hab/km²

Night light

0,4nW

Built-up

35,9%

Pesticides

8,6kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas21

IUCN Not Reported · 12IUCN VI · 3IUCN Ia · 2IUCN III · 2IUCN II · 1IUCN Not Applicable · 1

Kresna - Ilindentsi

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2021

485 km²

Pirin

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2021

404 km²

Pirin

IUCN Not Reported

Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2007

404 km²

Pirin

IUCN II

National Park · 1962

404 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN