Ontologia

Subdivision · ESP

Ronda

Spain

CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(87 %)

Species observed

3 835

Observations

149 592

Area

480,8km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 38 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Ronda : 26 espèces reliées par 112 interactions GloBI sur 5 types (connectance 15.9%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 12 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
38
Interactions affichées
112
Connectance
0.159
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

3 835 distinct species · 149 592 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

149 592 obs · 15 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 27 538
24 775–27 537
10 832–24 774
6 954–10 831
< 6 954

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

14,4°C

Annual rain

935mm

Warmest m°

28,9°C

Coldest m°

2,7°C

Elevation: 819 m on average (min 407 m, max 1 702 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
14,4°C
Annual rain
935mm
Warmest month
28,9°C
Coldest month
2,7°C
Mean alt.
819m
Min
407m
Max
1 702m
Std. dev.
203m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(87 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

7,1

Org. C

24,0g/kg

Clay

30,6%

Sand

31,3%

Silt

38,1%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: scGLiMaggregated to Málaga

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,0
Org. C
39,1g/kg
Clay
29,5%
Sand
31,5%
Silt
39,1%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,1
Org. C
18,4g/kg
Clay
30,0%
Sand
31,4%
Silt
38,6%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,0
Org. C
14,5g/kg
Clay
32,3%
Sand
30,9%
Silt
36,7%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest20.0%
Crops19.8%
Built-up0.4%
Bare soil5.3%
Other (grassland, water…)54.5%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology6 basins · 1 lakes · 24 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

82,3km

Lake surface here

0,11km²

Basins crossed

6

Max stream order

3

Max drainage

3 387km²

Discharge in basins

3,9m³/s

Mean precip.

747mm/an

Mean T°

15,7°C

Moisture idx

-0,33

Max snow

2%

Mean runoff

200mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

497m

Watersheds crossing here

Lakes (1, top by area)

Rivers / streams (24, ord ≥ 4)

12 more river segments

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

0hab/km²

Night light

1,1nW

Built-up

39,8%

Pesticides

38,4kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas15

IUCN Not Reported · 6IUCN IV · 4IUCN V · 2IUCN II · 1IUCN Not Assigned · 1IUCN III · 1

Sierra de Grazalema

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2012

534 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN