Ontologia

Commune · PAK

Rawalpindi

Pakistan

CwaTemperate, dry winter, hot summer(89 %)

Species observed

2 959

Observations

33 008

Area

5 220,8km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 34 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Rawalpindi : 26 espèces dont 2 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 59 interactions GloBI sur 5 types (connectance 10.5%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 8 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
34
Interactions affichées
59
Connectance
0.105
Patrimoniales
2
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

2 959 distinct species · 33 008 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

33 008 obs · 151 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 2 247
500–2 246
59–499
20–58
< 20

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

20,6°C

Annual rain

1 366mm

Warmest m°

35,6°C

Coldest m°

3,1°C

Elevation: 612 m on average (min 334 m, max 2 080 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
20,6°C
Annual rain
1 366mm
Warmest month
35,6°C
Coldest month
3,1°C
Mean alt.
612m
Min
334m
Max
2 080m
Std. dev.
304m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CwaTemperate, dry winter, hot summer(89 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

7,3

Org. C

17,0g/kg

Clay

24,4%

Sand

23,9%

Silt

51,8%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: suGLiMaggregated to Rawalpindi

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,3
Org. C
24,6g/kg
Clay
22,2%
Sand
25,1%
Silt
52,7%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,3
Org. C
15,4g/kg
Clay
22,9%
Sand
24,7%
Silt
52,4%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,4
Org. C
11,1g/kg
Clay
28,0%
Sand
21,8%
Silt
50,2%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest18.5%
Crops40.6%
Built-up2.6%
Bare soil1.2%
Other (grassland, water…)37.2%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology22 basins · 4 lakes · 15 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

595,0km

Lake surface here

2,11km²

Basins crossed

22

Max stream order

4

Max drainage

27 373km²

Discharge in basins

468,7m³/s

Mean precip.

802mm/an

Mean T°

21,5°C

Moisture idx

-0,48

Max snow

3%

Mean runoff

224mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

602m

Watersheds crossing here

13 more basins

Lakes (4, top by area)

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

7hab/km²

Night light

2,2nW

Built-up

257,0%

Pesticides

0,0kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)