Gulf of Mannar Marine Biosphere Reserve
IUCN Not ReportedWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site) · 2022
527 km²
Commune · IND
Ottapidaram
India
AwTropical, savannah(100 %)
Species observed
204
Observations
2 752
Area
774,5km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 28 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Ottapidaram : 18 espèces dont 2 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 47 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 12.4%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 10 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
28
Interactions affichées
47
Connectance
0.124
Patrimoniales
2
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
204 distinct species · 2 752 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
28,9°C
Annual rain
769mm
Warmest m°
36,3°C
Coldest m°
21,5°C
Elevation: 42 m on average (min -2 m, max 90 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
28,9°C
Annual rain
769mm
Warmest month
36,3°C
Coldest month
21,5°C
Mean alt.
42m
Min
-2m
Max
90m
Std. dev.
22m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
AwTropical, savannah(100 %)Tropical
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
7,4
Org. C
31,9g/kg
Clay
32,9%
Sand
41,9%
Silt
25,2%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: mtGLiMaggregated to Thoothukkudi
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,4
Org. C
49,4g/kg
Clay
31,2%
Sand
43,1%
Silt
25,8%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,4
Org. C
24,8g/kg
Clay
32,5%
Sand
42,0%
Silt
25,5%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,5
Org. C
21,6g/kg
Clay
35,1%
Sand
40,5%
Silt
24,4%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest2.2%
Crops71.9%
Built-up0.8%
Bare soil3.3%
Other (grassland, water…)21.9%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology4 basins · 4 lakes · 2 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
35,9km
Lake surface here
1,45km²
Basins crossed
4
Max stream order
4
Max drainage
2 513km²
Discharge in basins
7,6m³/s
Mean precip.
690mm/an
Mean T°
29,0°C
Moisture idx
-0,58
Mean runoff
152mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
49m
Watersheds crossing here
Lakes (4, top by area)
Rivers / streams (2, ord ≥ 4)
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
2hab/km²
Night light
1,1nW
Built-up
80,9%
Pesticides
5,2kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas1
IUCN Not Reported · 1🌊 Marine · 1
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN