Doñana
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 1987
1 281 km²
Commune · ESP
n.a. (230)
Spain
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(100 %)
Species observed
2 274
Observations
694 647
Area
995,9km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 29 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de n.a. (230) : 20 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 44 interactions GloBI sur 2 types (connectance 10.8%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 9 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
29
Interactions affichées
44
Connectance
0.108
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
2 274 distinct species · 694 647 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
18,7°C
Annual rain
604mm
Warmest m°
33,6°C
Coldest m°
6,5°C
Elevation: 6 m on average (min -1 m, max 89 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
18,7°C
Annual rain
604mm
Warmest month
33,6°C
Coldest month
6,5°C
Mean alt.
6m
Min
-1m
Max
89m
Std. dev.
12m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(100 %)Temperate
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
7,3
Org. C
24,3g/kg
Clay
34,9%
Sand
28,9%
Silt
36,2%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: smGLiMaggregated to Sevilla
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,3
Org. C
37,1g/kg
Clay
34,6%
Sand
27,7%
Silt
37,7%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,4
Org. C
16,5g/kg
Clay
35,4%
Sand
26,9%
Silt
37,7%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,2
Org. C
19,4g/kg
Clay
34,7%
Sand
32,2%
Silt
33,2%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest10.2%
Crops45.1%
Built-up0.2%
Bare soil5.7%
Other (grassland, water…)38.7%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology10 basins · 40 lakes · 18 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
219,7km
Lake surface here
39,69km²
Basins crossed
10
Max stream order
6
Max drainage
56 433km²
Discharge in basins
355,7m³/s
Mean precip.
565mm/an
Mean T°
17,7°C
Moisture idx
-0,54
Max snow
1%
Mean runoff
144mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
83m
Watersheds crossing here
- Bassin de Arroyo de la Torresub-area1 608,2 km²overlap435.51 km²44%
- Bassin de Caño de Guadiamarsub-area1 347,8 km²overlap225.82 km²23%
- Bassin de Río Guadairasub-area2 026,4 km²overlap183.39 km²18%
- Bassin de Río Guadalquivirsub-area222,5 km²overlap80.01 km²8%
- Bassin de Arroyo Salado de Morónsub-area1 635,2 km²overlap33.48 km²3%
- Bassin de Río Guadalquivirsub-area122,2 km²overlap27.09 km²3%
- Bassin de Río Guadalquivirsub-area10,2 km²overlap5.72 km²1%
- Bassin de Río Guadalquivirsub-area4,4 km²overlap3.30 km²0%
- Bassin de Río Guadalquivirsub-area86,8 km²overlap1.50 km²0%
1 more basinssorted by overlap
Lakes (40, top by area)
- Lucio de los Ánsaresarea4,5 km²avg depth0.7 m
- Piscifactoría Veta la Palmaarea3,6 km²avg depth0.8 m
- Lake #73965area3 km²avg depth0.9 m
- Piscifactoría Veta la Palmaarea2,8 km²avg depth0.8 m
- Piscifactoría Veta la Palmaarea2,4 km²avg depth0.7 m
- Lucio de Sevillaarea1,9 km²avg depth0.6 m
- Piscifactoría Veta la Palmaarea1,5 km²avg depth0.6 m
- Piscifactoría Veta la Palmaarea1,4 km²avg depth0.5 m
- Piscifactoría Veta la Palmaarea1,3 km²avg depth0.5 m
31 more lakes
- Piscifactoría Veta la Palmaarea1,2 km²avg depth0.5 m
- Lucio del Caño de la Salarea1,2 km²avg depth0.7 m
- Lake #73974area1,1 km²avg depth0.5 m
- Piscifactoría Veta la Palmaarea1,1 km²avg depth0.5 m
- Piscifactoría Veta la Palmaarea1 km²avg depth0.7 m
- Piscifactoría Veta la Palmaarea1 km²avg depth0.6 m
- Lac 1370040area0,9 km²avg depth1.6 m
- Lac 1369984area0,9 km²avg depth1.3 m
- Lac 1370023area0,8 km²avg depth1.5 m
- Lac 1370029area0,8 km²avg depth1.3 m
- Lac 1369883area0,7 km²avg depth1.8 m
- Lac 1370054area0,7 km²avg depth1.4 m
- Lac 1370080area0,6 km²avg depth1.2 m
- Lac 1369935area0,6 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lac 1369743area0,6 km²avg depth2.5 m
- Lac 1370068area0,6 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lac 1369937area0,4 km²avg depth1.4 m
- Lac 1369986area0,4 km²avg depth1.2 m
- Lac 1369971area0,4 km²avg depth1.3 m
- Lac 1369877area0,3 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lac 1369960area0,3 km²avg depth1.4 m
- Lac 1370005area0,3 km²avg depth1.2 m
- Lac 1369959area0,2 km²avg depth0.8 m
- Lac 1370008area0,2 km²avg depth1.1 m
- Lac 1370022area0,2 km²avg depth1.1 m
- Lac 1370001area0,2 km²avg depth1.2 m
- Lac 1369921area0,2 km²avg depth1.1 m
- Lac 1369742area0,2 km²avg depth1.8 m
- Lac 1369966area0,2 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lac 1370017area0,1 km²avg depth1.0 m
- Lac 1369979area0,1 km²avg depth0.9 m
Rivers / streams (18, ord ≥ 4)
- Río Guadalquivirord 6len here52.54 km6%total852 km
- Caño de Guadiamarord 4len here26.49 km76%total35 km
- Colector de la Veta de la Palmaord 3len here24.16 km100%total24 km
- Arroyo del Gatoord 2len here20.96 km89%total23 km
- río Guadiamarord 3len here17.76 km88%total20 km
- Río Guadiamarord 3len here9.09 km35%total26 km
- Brazo de los Jerónimosord 1len here8.61 km100%total9 km
- Arroyo de la Fuente de la Concha o de la Juncosillaord 1len here8.59 km43%total20 km
- Arroyo Majalberraqueord 2len here8.35 km29%total29 km
- Río Guadaíraord 4len here6.38 km17%total37 km
- Encauzamiento del Brazo del Este del Guadalquivirord 4len here6.09 km32%total19 km
- Alcarayonord 1len here5.89 km26%total23 km
6 more river segmentssorted by Strahler order + length
- Arroyo de Cañada Fríaord 1len here5.72 km100%total6 km
- Brazo de la Torreord 3len here5.47 km100%total5 km
- Canal Principal de Cotemsaord 6len here4.75 km100%total5 km
- Regajo del Almiranteord 1len here4.69 km100%total5 km
- Caño del Pescadorord 2len here4.03 km28%total14 km
- Arroyo Salado de Morónord 6len here0.14 km0%total98 km
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
0hab/km²
Night light
0,5nW
Built-up
22,3%
Pesticides
37,6kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas20
IUCN Not Reported · 7IUCN IV · 7IUCN II · 3IUCN V · 2IUCN Not Applicable · 1🌊 Marine · 9
Doñana
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2012
1 281 km²
Doñana
IUCN IVNatura 2000 · 2012
1 137 km²
Doñana
IUCN IIWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site) · 1982
1 131 km²
Doñana
IUCN VNatural Park · 1989
681 km²
Doñana National Park
IUCN Not ApplicableWorld Heritage Site (natural or mixed) · 1994
536 km²
Complete list20 protected areas
- DoñanaSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19871 281 km²
- DoñanaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20121 281 km²
- DoñanaNatura 2000IUCN IV20121 137 km²
- DoñanaWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site)IUCN II19821 131 km²
- DoñanaNatural ParkIUCN V1989681 km²
- Doñana National ParkWorld Heritage Site (natural or mixed)IUCN Not Applicable1994536 km²
- DoñanaNacional ParkIUCN II1969533 km²
- Doñana Norte y OesteSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2016186 km²
- Doñana Norte y OesteNatura 2000IUCN IV2016186 km²
- Corredor Ecológico del Río GuadiamarSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2015170 km²
- Corredor Ecológico del Río GuadiamarNatura 2000IUCN IV2015170 km²
- Bajo GuadalquivirSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported201548 km²
- Bajo GuadalquivirNatura 2000IUCN IV201548 km²
- Corredor verde del GuadiamarProtected LandscapeIUCN V200327 km²
- Brazo del EsteNatura 2000IUCN IV199217 km²
- Brazo del EsteSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported200217 km²
- Brazo del EsteNature PlaceIUCN II198917 km²
- Paraje Natural Brazo del EsteWetland of International Importance (Ramsar Site)IUCN Not Reported200714 km²
- Dehesa de AbajoNature ReserveIUCN IV20006 km²
- Cañada de los PájarosNature ReserveIUCN IV19910 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN