Monte Sole
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2019
65 km²
Commune · ITA
Monzuno
Italy
CfaTemperate, no dry season, hot summer(77 %)
Species observed
448
Observations
898
Area
64,7km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 41 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Monzuno : 29 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 99 interactions GloBI sur 6 types (connectance 11.5%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 13 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
42
Interactions affichées
99
Connectance
0.115
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
448 distinct species · 898 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
12,4°C
Annual rain
856mm
Warmest m°
27,5°C
Coldest m°
-0,6°C
Elevation: 461 m on average (min 213 m, max 859 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
12,4°C
Annual rain
856mm
Warmest month
27,5°C
Coldest month
-0,6°C
Mean alt.
461m
Min
213m
Max
859m
Std. dev.
163m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CfaTemperate, no dry season, hot summer(77 %)Temperate
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
6,9
Org. C
38,0g/kg
Clay
38,7%
Sand
21,9%
Silt
39,4%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: scGLiMaggregated to Bologna
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,8
Org. C
64,1g/kg
Clay
37,8%
Sand
22,4%
Silt
39,8%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,9
Org. C
28,7g/kg
Clay
38,4%
Sand
21,3%
Silt
40,3%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,9
Org. C
21,3g/kg
Clay
39,7%
Sand
22,0%
Silt
38,2%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest53.5%
Crops12.5%
Built-up0.9%
Bare soil0.9%
Other (grassland, water…)32.2%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology2 basins · 0 lakes · 6 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
19,6km
Basins crossed
2
Max stream order
3
Max drainage
1 256km²
Discharge in basins
0,8m³/s
Mean precip.
860mm/an
Mean T°
11,7°C
Moisture idx
0,01
Max snow
7%
Mean runoff
401mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
448m
Watersheds crossing here
Rivers / streams (6, ord ≥ 4)
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
1hab/km²
Night light
1,4nW
Built-up
87,7%
Pesticides
16,9kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas5
IUCN Not Reported · 3IUCN IV · 2
Contrafforte Pliocenico
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2004
26 km²
Contrafforte Pliocenico
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2019
26 km²
Parco regionale storico di Monte Sole
IUCN IVRegional/Provincial Nature Park · 1989
25 km²
Riserva naturale Contrafforte Pliocenico
IUCN IVRegional/Provincial Nature Reserve · 2006
8 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN