Ontologia

County · IRN

Mashhad

Iran

BSkArid, steppe, cold(94 %)

Species observed

821

Observations

41 311

Area

13 083,1km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 29 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Mashhad : 20 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 61 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 14.0%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 10 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
30
Interactions affichées
61
Connectance
0.140
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

821 distinct species · 41 311 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

41 311 obs · 184 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 7 045
310–7 044
39–309
16–38
< 16

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

13,6°C

Annual rain

286mm

Warmest m°

31,7°C

Coldest m°

-4,3°C

Elevation: 1 111 m on average (min 471 m, max 2 430 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
13,6°C
Annual rain
286mm
Warmest month
31,7°C
Coldest month
-4,3°C
Mean alt.
1 111m
Min
471m
Max
2 430m
Std. dev.
286m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
BSkArid, steppe, cold(94 %)Arid

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

7,9

Org. C

4,1g/kg

Clay

21,4%

Sand

39,1%

Silt

39,4%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: scGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,9
Org. C
8,0g/kg
Clay
20,5%
Sand
40,1%
Silt
39,4%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
8,0
Org. C
1,6g/kg
Clay
20,9%
Sand
39,4%
Silt
39,8%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
8,0
Org. C
2,7g/kg
Clay
23,0%
Sand
37,9%
Silt
39,1%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest0.5%
Crops18.8%
Built-up0.6%
Bare soil35.1%
Other (grassland, water…)45.0%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology39 basins · 1 lakes · 21 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

1 475,4km

Lake surface here

0,96km²

Basins crossed

39

Max stream order

5

Max drainage

16 841km²

Discharge in basins

304,8m³/s

Mean precip.

257mm/an

Mean T°

12,8°C

Moisture idx

-0,80

Max snow

11%

Mean runoff

47mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

1 077m

Watersheds crossing here

30 more basins

Lakes (1, top by area)

Rivers / streams (21, ord ≥ 4)

9 more river segments

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

3hab/km²

Night light

2,6nW

Built-up

63,2%

Pesticides

1,6kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas2

IUCN IV · 1IUCN V · 1

Meana-Chaacha

IUCN IV

Nature Sanctuary or Partial Reserve · 1976

840 km²

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN