Ontologia

Municipality · COL

Manizales

Colombia

CfbTemperate, no dry season, warm summer(46 %)

Species observed

3 941

Observations

1 196 144

Area

442,9km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 16 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Manizales : 14 espèces reliées par 11 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 9.2%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 2 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
16
Interactions affichées
11
Connectance
0.092
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

3 941 distinct species · 1 196 144 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

1 196 144 obs · 10 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 310 959
310 959–310 958
185 310–310 958
103 003–185 309
< 103 003

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

16,8°C

Annual rain

2 764mm

Warmest m°

21,3°C

Coldest m°

11,9°C

Elevation: 1 995 m on average (min 830 m, max 3 700 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
16,8°C
Annual rain
2 764mm
Warmest month
21,3°C
Coldest month
11,9°C
Mean alt.
1 995m
Min
830m
Max
3 700m
Std. dev.
812m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CfbTemperate, no dry season, warm summer(46 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

5,2

Org. C

69,0g/kg

Clay

32,1%

Sand

34,1%

Silt

33,7%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: mtGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,2
Org. C
83,4g/kg
Clay
31,5%
Sand
34,6%
Silt
33,9%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,2
Org. C
72,5g/kg
Clay
31,7%
Sand
34,2%
Silt
34,0%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,2
Org. C
51,1g/kg
Clay
33,1%
Sand
33,6%
Silt
33,3%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest64.6%
Crops2.4%
Built-up1.8%
Bare soil0.1%
Other (grassland, water…)31.0%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology3 basins · 0 lakes · 23 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

141,3km

Basins crossed

3

Max stream order

6

Max drainage

25 568km²

Discharge in basins

43,4m³/s

Mean precip.

2 152mm/an

Mean T°

14,7°C

Moisture idx

0,44

Max snow

1%

Mean runoff

1 247mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

2 379m

Watersheds crossing here

Rivers / streams (23, ord ≥ 4)

11 more river segments

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

8hab/km²

Night light

4,1nW

Built-up

178,4%

Pesticides

82,5kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas12

IUCN VI · 12

La Favorita

IUCN VI

Civil Society Nature Reserve · 2023

3 km²

Torre Cuatro

IUCN VI

Regional Protective Forest Reserves · 2004

3 km²

Sabinas

IUCN VI

Regional Protective Forest Reserves · 2009

2 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN