Makalu-Barun
IUCN IINational Park · 1991
1 388 km²
Subdivision · NPL
Makalu
Nepal
ETPolar, tundra(54 %)
Species observed
1 071
Observations
2 760
Area
770km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 19 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Makalu : 18 espèces reliées par 16 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 9.4%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 1 bulle taxonomique (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
19
Interactions affichées
16
Connectance
0.094
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
1 071 distinct species · 2 760 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
-1,0°C
Annual rain
4 522mm
Warmest m°
10,6°C
Coldest m°
-19,4°C
Elevation: 4 199 m on average (min 923 m, max 7 828 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
-1,0°C
Annual rain
4 522mm
Warmest month
10,6°C
Coldest month
-19,4°C
Mean alt.
4 199m
Min
923m
Max
7 828m
Std. dev.
1 407m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
ETPolar, tundra(54 %)Polar
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
6,1
Org. C
57,0g/kg
Clay
20,4%
Sand
49,1%
Silt
30,5%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: mtGLiMaggregated to Koshi
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,1
Org. C
77,9g/kg
Clay
20,3%
Sand
49,2%
Silt
30,5%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,1
Org. C
57,9g/kg
Clay
20,3%
Sand
49,1%
Silt
30,6%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,1
Org. C
35,4g/kg
Clay
20,7%
Sand
49,0%
Silt
30,4%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest33.2%
Crops0.7%
Built-up0.0%
Bare soil18.4%
Other (grassland, water…)47.6%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology5 basins · 0 lakes · 6 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
110,8km
Basins crossed
5
Max stream order
6
Max drainage
27 054km²
Discharge in basins
192,0m³/s
Mean precip.
1 252mm/an
Mean T°
5,1°C
Moisture idx
0,09
Max snow
42%
Mean runoff
1 386mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
3 743m
Watersheds crossing here
Rivers / streams (6, ord ≥ 4)
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
0hab/km²
Night light
0,0nW
Built-up
1,5%
Pesticides
0,6kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas4
IUCN II · 2IUCN Not Applicable · 1IUCN VI · 1
Sagarmatha National Park
IUCN Not ApplicableWorld Heritage Site (natural or mixed) · 1979
1 140 km²
Sagarmatha
IUCN IINational Park · 1976
1 132 km²
Makalu-Barun - Buffer Zone
IUCN VINational Park - Buffer Zone · 1999
780 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN