Lubombo Biosphere Reserve
IUCN Not ApplicableUNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve · 2019
2 478 km²
Constituency · SWZ
Lugongolweni
Swaziland
CwaTemperate, dry winter, hot summer(86 %)
Species observed
1 483
Observations
8 831
Area
471,8km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 22 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Lugongolweni : 22 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 16 interactions GloBI sur 2 types (connectance 6.9%, filtre Serrano α=0.2).
Espèces affichées
22
Interactions affichées
16
Connectance
0.069
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
1 483 distinct species · 8 831 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
20,9°C
Annual rain
858mm
Warmest m°
28,7°C
Coldest m°
10,7°C
Elevation: 430 m on average (min 125 m, max 649 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
20,9°C
Annual rain
858mm
Warmest month
28,7°C
Coldest month
10,7°C
Mean alt.
430m
Min
125m
Max
649m
Std. dev.
121m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CwaTemperate, dry winter, hot summer(86 %)Temperate
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
20,8g/kg
Clay
39,6%
Sand
33,7%
Silt
26,6%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: vaGLiM
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
26,9g/kg
Clay
37,2%
Sand
35,2%
Silt
27,6%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
21,3g/kg
Clay
38,4%
Sand
34,4%
Silt
27,2%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
14,2g/kg
Clay
43,3%
Sand
31,6%
Silt
25,1%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest39.2%
Crops14.2%
Built-up0.2%
Bare soil0.1%
Other (grassland, water…)46.2%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology5 basins · 0 lakes · 7 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
63,6km
Basins crossed
5
Max stream order
4
Max drainage
16 768km²
Discharge in basins
6,2m³/s
Mean precip.
683mm/an
Mean T°
21,6°C
Moisture idx
-0,55
Mean runoff
143mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
189m
Watersheds crossing here
Rivers / streams (7, ord ≥ 4)
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
0hab/km²
Night light
0,1nW
Built-up
23,8%
Pesticides
11,7kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas3
IUCN Not Applicable · 2IUCN II · 1
Mlawula Nature Reserve
IUCN IINature Reserve · 1977
161 km²
Shewula
IUCN Not ApplicableOECM · 2020
32 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN