Ontologia

Commune · IND

Ludhiana

India

BShArid, steppe, hot(98 %)

Species observed

611

Observations

71 468

Area

1 528,6km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 34 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Ludhiana : 26 espèces dont 3 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 50 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 8.4%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 9 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
35
Interactions affichées
50
Connectance
0.084
Patrimoniales
3
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

611 distinct species · 71 468 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

71 468 obs · 39 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 33 182
2 975–33 181
238–2 974
63–237
< 63

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

23,5°C

Annual rain

773mm

Warmest m°

38,5°C

Coldest m°

6,3°C

Elevation: 246 m on average (min 232 m, max 260 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
23,5°C
Annual rain
773mm
Warmest month
38,5°C
Coldest month
6,3°C
Mean alt.
246m
Min
232m
Max
260m
Std. dev.
6m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
BShArid, steppe, hot(98 %)Arid

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

7,8

Org. C

11,0g/kg

Clay

27,2%

Sand

38,5%

Silt

34,3%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: suGLiMaggregated to Ludhiana

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,7
Org. C
13,8g/kg
Clay
26,2%
Sand
39,1%
Silt
34,7%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,8
Org. C
10,2g/kg
Clay
27,5%
Sand
38,4%
Silt
34,1%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,8
Org. C
9,0g/kg
Clay
28,0%
Sand
38,0%
Silt
34,0%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest7.7%
Crops70.5%
Built-up5.4%
Bare soil0.8%
Other (grassland, water…)15.6%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Human pressure

Pop. density

13hab/km²

Night light

6,0nW

Built-up

538,9%

Pesticides

1,6kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)