Ontologia

Municipality · BGR

Kostenets

Bulgaria

DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(56 %)

Species observed

651

Observations

4 000

Area

318,1km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 30 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Kostenets : 23 espèces reliées par 68 interactions GloBI sur 4 types (connectance 15.6%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 7 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
30
Interactions affichées
68
Connectance
0.156
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

651 distinct species · 4 000 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

4 000 obs · 9 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 1 300
1 300–1 299
554–1 299
284–553
< 284

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

8,9°C

Annual rain

784mm

Warmest m°

23,1°C

Coldest m°

-6,2°C

Elevation: 920 m on average (min 466 m, max 2 476 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
8,9°C
Annual rain
784mm
Warmest month
23,1°C
Coldest month
-6,2°C
Mean alt.
920m
Min
466m
Max
2 476m
Std. dev.
495m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(56 %)Cold

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

6,1

Org. C

34,7g/kg

Clay

23,3%

Sand

47,9%

Silt

28,8%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: mtGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,1
Org. C
58,7g/kg
Clay
22,7%
Sand
49,3%
Silt
28,0%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,2
Org. C
26,1g/kg
Clay
22,1%
Sand
50,3%
Silt
27,6%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,2
Org. C
19,2g/kg
Clay
25,2%
Sand
44,1%
Silt
30,7%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest53.5%
Crops17.4%
Built-up0.4%
Bare soil0.8%
Other (grassland, water…)27.8%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology4 basins · 0 lakes · 6 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

63,9km

Basins crossed

4

Max stream order

3

Max drainage

2 229km²

Discharge in basins

2,0m³/s

Mean precip.

630mm/an

Mean T°

7,8°C

Moisture idx

-0,24

Max snow

31%

Mean runoff

202mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

1 030m

Watersheds crossing here

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

0hab/km²

Night light

0,5nW

Built-up

39,8%

Pesticides

5,9kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas15

IUCN Not Reported · 6IUCN VI · 5IUCN III · 2IUCN II · 1IUCN Ia · 1

Sredna gora

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2021

1 103 km²

Rila

IUCN II

National Park · 1992

780 km²

Rila

IUCN Not Reported

Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2007

779 km²

Rila

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2021

779 km²

Rila bufer

IUCN Not Reported

Special Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2019

384 km²

Niska Rila

IUCN Not Reported

Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)

371 km²

Complete list

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN