Makalu-Barun - Buffer Zone
IUCN VINational Park - Buffer Zone · 1999
780 km²
Subdivision · NPL
Khatamma
Nepal
CwbTemperate, dry winter, warm summer(60 %)
Species observed
31
Observations
31
Area
22,8km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 8 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Khatamma : 8 espèces reliées par 7 interactions GloBI sur 1 type (connectance 25.0%, filtre Serrano α=0.2).
Espèces affichées
8
Interactions affichées
7
Connectance
0.250
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
31 distinct species · 31 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
15,1°C
Annual rain
2 591mm
Warmest m°
23,6°C
Coldest m°
-1,2°C
Elevation: 1 644 m on average (min 797 m, max 2 681 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
15,1°C
Annual rain
2 591mm
Warmest month
23,6°C
Coldest month
-1,2°C
Mean alt.
1 644m
Min
797m
Max
2 681m
Std. dev.
494m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CwbTemperate, dry winter, warm summer(60 %)Temperate
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
5,4
Org. C
38,3g/kg
Clay
25,1%
Sand
39,5%
Silt
35,4%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: mtGLiMaggregated to Koshi
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,4
Org. C
54,0g/kg
Clay
24,5%
Sand
39,5%
Silt
36,0%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,4
Org. C
36,8g/kg
Clay
24,9%
Sand
39,6%
Silt
35,5%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,4
Org. C
24,1g/kg
Clay
25,9%
Sand
39,3%
Silt
34,8%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest71.4%
Crops4.2%
Built-up0.3%
Bare soil0.4%
Other (grassland, water…)23.6%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology2 basins · 0 lakes · 1 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
1,6km
Basins crossed
2
Max stream order
3
Max drainage
27 826km²
Discharge in basins
29,0m³/s
Mean precip.
1 848mm/an
Mean T°
17,3°C
Moisture idx
0,28
Max snow
9%
Mean runoff
1 179mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
1 540m
Watersheds crossing here
Rivers / streams (1, ord ≥ 4)
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
1hab/km²
Built-up
32,0%
Pesticides
0,8kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas1
IUCN VI · 1
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN