Ontologia

Commune · PAK

Jhelum

Pakistan

CwaTemperate, dry winter, hot summer(66 %)

Species observed

669

Observations

7 172

Area

3 480,3km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 34 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Jhelum : 26 espèces dont 3 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 52 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 9.3%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 8 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
34
Interactions affichées
52
Connectance
0.093
Patrimoniales
3
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

669 distinct species · 7 172 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

7 172 obs · 74 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 2 125
149–2 124
35–148
17–34
< 17

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

22,9°C

Annual rain

979mm

Warmest m°

38,0°C

Coldest m°

5,6°C

Elevation: 318 m on average (min 186 m, max 777 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
22,9°C
Annual rain
979mm
Warmest month
38,0°C
Coldest month
5,6°C
Mean alt.
318m
Min
186m
Max
777m
Std. dev.
108m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CwaTemperate, dry winter, hot summer(66 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

7,6

Org. C

12,5g/kg

Clay

24,7%

Sand

33,5%

Silt

41,8%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: suGLiMaggregated to Rawalpindi

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,5
Org. C
16,7g/kg
Clay
22,3%
Sand
35,1%
Silt
42,6%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,6
Org. C
11,9g/kg
Clay
23,5%
Sand
34,4%
Silt
42,2%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,7
Org. C
9,0g/kg
Clay
28,4%
Sand
31,0%
Silt
40,6%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest10.9%
Crops42.3%
Built-up1.0%
Bare soil2.9%
Other (grassland, water…)42.9%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology7 basins · 10 lakes · 9 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

581,1km

Lake surface here

10,12km²

Basins crossed

7

Max stream order

6

Max drainage

44 327km²

Discharge in basins

461,8m³/s

Mean precip.

620mm/an

Mean T°

23,2°C

Moisture idx

-0,62

Mean runoff

78mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

373m

Watersheds crossing here

Lakes (10, top by area)

1 more lakes

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

3hab/km²

Night light

0,6nW

Built-up

103,4%

Pesticides

0,0kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas1

IUCN IV · 1📍 Point sites · 4

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN