Santuario per i Mammiferi Marini
IUCN IVInternational significance Natural Marine Area · 1999
23 736 km²
Pays · ITA
Italy
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(41 %)
Species observed
48 649
Observations
9 405 658
Area
300 733,7km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 39 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Italy : 34 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) + 5 bulles famille, 79 interactions GloBI documentées sur 4 types (connectance 10.7%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). Les 5 bulles regroupent des espèces visuellement absorbées par famille (≥3 espèces visibles).
Espèces affichées
39
Interactions affichées
79
Connectance
0.107
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
48 649 distinct species · 9 405 658 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
12,4°C
Annual rain
956mm
Warmest m°
26,4°C
Coldest m°
-0,4°C
Elevation: 541 m on average (min -624 m, max 4 210 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
12,4°C
Annual rain
956mm
Warmest month
26,4°C
Coldest month
-0,4°C
Mean alt.
541m
Min
-624m
Max
4 210m
Std. dev.
588m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(41 %)Temperate
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
6,9
Org. C
39,9g/kg
Clay
29,3%
Sand
29,9%
Silt
40,8%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,8
Org. C
63,3g/kg
Clay
28,5%
Sand
30,2%
Silt
41,3%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,9
Org. C
32,1g/kg
Clay
29,1%
Sand
29,6%
Silt
41,4%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,9
Org. C
24,3g/kg
Clay
30,4%
Sand
29,9%
Silt
39,8%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest29.6%
Crops22.6%
Built-up1.4%
Bare soil3.1%
Other (grassland, water…)43.2%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology
Computing basins, lakes, rivers…
Human pressure
Pop. density
1hab/km²
Night light
3,0nW
Built-up
145,0%
Pesticides
55,5kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas100
Country WDPA breakdown
Not Reported114 487 km²(3027)
IV37 752 km²(513)
II16 174 km²(33)
V4 714 km²(189)
Not Applicable3 952 km²(5)
Not Assigned763 km²(10)
Ia664 km²(122)
III65 km²(56)
IUCN Not Reported · 61IUCN II · 19IUCN IV · 8IUCN V · 5IUCN Not Assigned · 4IUCN Not Applicable · 3🌊 Marine · 30📍 Point sites · 11
Arcipelago delle Pelagie - area marina e terrestre
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2005
3 872 km²
Tutela del Tursiops truncatus
IUCN Not ReportedSite of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)
3 721 km²
Isole Tremiti
IUCN Not ReportedSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive) · 2006
3 135 km²
Cilento and Val de Diano
IUCN Not ApplicableUNESCO-MAB Biosphere Reserve · 1997
2 228 km²
Parco nazionale del Pollino
IUCN IINational Park · 1988
1 822 km²
Complete list100 protected areas
- Santuario per i Mammiferi MariniInternational significance Natural Marine AreaIUCN IV199923 736 km²
- Arcipelago delle Pelagie - area marina e terrestreSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported20053 872 km²
- Tutela del Tursiops truncatusSite of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported3 721 km²
- Isole TremitiSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported20063 135 km²
- Cilento and Val de DianoUNESCO-MAB Biosphere ReserveIUCN Not Applicable19972 228 km²
- Parco nazionale del PollinoNational ParkIUCN II19881 822 km²
- Parco nazionale del Cilento e Vallo di DianoNational ParkIUCN II19911 781 km²
- Parco Nazionale Gran Sasso - Monti della LagaSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19881 434 km²
- Parco nazionale del Gran Sasso e Monti della LagaNational ParkIUCN II19911 434 km²
- The DolomitesWorld Heritage Site (natural or mixed)IUCN Not Applicable20091 418 km²
- Parco nazionale dello StelvioNational ParkIUCN II19351 308 km²
- Murgia AltaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported20181 259 km²
- Murgia AltaSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported19981 259 km²
- Parco nazionale del GarganoNational ParkIUCN II19911 205 km²
- Mercantour [Aire D\'Adhésion]National Park - Buffer zone/Area of adhesionIUCN V19791 122 km²
- Da Tavolara a Capo CominoSite of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported996 km²
- Da Tavolara a Capo CominoSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2020996 km²
- Pollino e OrsomarsoSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2005942 km²
- Ancient and Primeval Beech Forests of the Carpathians and Other Regions of EuropeWorld Heritage Site (natural or mixed)IUCN Not Applicable2007924 km²
- JulijciSpecialy Protected AreaIUCN Not Assigned2004886 km²
- JulijciSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2004886 km²
- Massiccio del Monte Pollino e Monte AlpiSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2006881 km²
- Parco dei NebrodiRegional/Provincial Nature ParkIUCN IV1993843 km²
- Triglavski narodni parkNational ParkIUCN II1981840 km²
- Hohe Tauern, SalzburgSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported1997806 km²
- Hohe Tauern, SalzburgSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2015806 km²
- Parco nazionale della SilaNational ParkIUCN II1997772 km²
- Area Marina di Capo PasseroSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2019744 km²
- Parco Nazionale della MaiellaSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported1988741 km²
- Parco nazionale della MaiellaNational ParkIUCN II1991741 km²
- Julijske AlpeSpecialy Protected AreaIUCN Not Assigned2004741 km²
- Julijske AlpeSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2012741 km²
- Parco nazionale dell' Arcipelago ToscanoNational ParkIUCN II1989741 km²
- Parco nazionale del Golfo di Orosei e del GennargentuNational ParkIUCN II1998739 km²
- Da Capo Testa all'Isola RossaSite of Community Importance (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported713 km²
- Da Capo Testa all'Isola RossaSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2020713 km²
- Parco nazionale del Gran ParadisoNational ParkIUCN II1922711 km²
- Parco Nazionale del Gran ParadisoSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported1988711 km²
- Parco Nazionale del Gran ParadisoSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2020711 km²
- Monti NebrodiSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2005706 km²
- Dolomiti del Cadore e del ComelicoSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2005703 km²
- Marchesato e Fiume NetoSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2005702 km²
- Promontorio del GarganoSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2006701 km²
- Parco nazionale dei Monti SibilliniNational ParkIUCN II1988697 km²
- Parco nazionale dell'Appennino Lucano - Val d'Agri - LagonegreseNational ParkIUCN II2007690 km²
- Litorale di Gallipoli e Isola S. AndreaSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2018681 km²
- Litorale di Gallipoli e Isola S. AndreaSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported1998681 km²
- Parco nazionale dell'Alta MurgiaNational ParkIUCN II2004681 km²
- Le MercantourSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2014680 km²
- Le MercantourSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported2018679 km²
- MercantourNational Park - Core AreaIUCN II1979679 km²
- Comprensorio Tolfetano-Cerite-ManziateSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported1996675 km²
- Parco nazionale dell'AspromonteNational ParkIUCN II1989646 km²
- PicentiniSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported1999638 km²
- QueyrasRegional Nature ParkIUCN V1977626 km²
- Monti Ausoni e AurunciSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported1999624 km²
- Parco naturale provinciale dell' Adamello BrentaRegional/Provincial Nature ParkIUCN IV1988621 km²
- Hohe Tauern, TirolSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported1996611 km²
- Hohe Tauern, TirolSpecial Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive)IUCN Not Reported2005611 km²
- Parco Nazionale dello StelvioSpecial Protection Area (Birds Directive)IUCN Not Reported1988598 km²
+ 40 protected areas (top 60 shown)
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN