Makalu-Barun - Buffer Zone
IUCN VINational Park - Buffer Zone · 1999
780 km²
Subdivision · NPL
Gudel
Nepal
CwbTemperate, dry winter, warm summer(65 %)
Species observed
74
Observations
122
Area
106,5km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 22 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Gudel : 18 espèces reliées par 28 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 12.1%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 4 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
22
Interactions affichées
28
Connectance
0.121
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
74 distinct species · 122 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
8,3°C
Annual rain
2 366mm
Warmest m°
16,9°C
Coldest m°
-7,9°C
Elevation: 2 794 m on average (min 1 416 m, max 3 707 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
8,3°C
Annual rain
2 366mm
Warmest month
16,9°C
Coldest month
-7,9°C
Mean alt.
2 794m
Min
1 416m
Max
3 707m
Std. dev.
547m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CwbTemperate, dry winter, warm summer(65 %)Temperate
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
5,5
Org. C
53,8g/kg
Clay
23,7%
Sand
44,1%
Silt
32,2%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: ssGLiMaggregated to Sagarmatha
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,5
Org. C
74,2g/kg
Clay
23,6%
Sand
43,8%
Silt
32,6%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,5
Org. C
53,6g/kg
Clay
23,8%
Sand
44,1%
Silt
32,1%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,5
Org. C
33,5g/kg
Clay
23,7%
Sand
44,4%
Silt
31,9%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest76.9%
Crops2.9%
Built-up0.1%
Bare soil1.1%
Other (grassland, water…)19.0%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology4 basins · 0 lakes · 1 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
11,8km
Basins crossed
4
Max stream order
3
Max drainage
27 826km²
Discharge in basins
6,7m³/s
Mean precip.
1 275mm/an
Mean T°
5,1°C
Moisture idx
0,15
Max snow
22%
Mean runoff
1 338mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
3 700m
Watersheds crossing here
Rivers / streams (1, ord ≥ 4)
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
0hab/km²
Night light
0,0nW
Built-up
9,1%
Pesticides
0,8kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas1
IUCN VI · 1
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN