Ontologia

District · TUR

Gebze

Turkey

CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(100 %)

Species observed

810

Observations

21 927

Area

661,4km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 38 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Gebze : 33 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 83 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 11.8%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 5 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
38
Interactions affichées
83
Connectance
0.118
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

810 distinct species · 21 927 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

21 927 obs · 19 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 12 776
3 635–12 775
513–3 634
163–512
< 163

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

14,2°C

Annual rain

913mm

Warmest m°

27,2°C

Coldest m°

1,5°C

Elevation: 202 m on average (min -33 m, max 539 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
14,2°C
Annual rain
913mm
Warmest month
27,2°C
Coldest month
1,5°C
Mean alt.
202m
Min
-33m
Max
539m
Std. dev.
99m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CsaTemperate, dry summer, hot summer(100 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

6,9

Org. C

34,9g/kg

Clay

32,2%

Sand

28,5%

Silt

39,3%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: scGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,9
Org. C
60,7g/kg
Clay
31,0%
Sand
28,9%
Silt
40,2%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,9
Org. C
25,0g/kg
Clay
31,4%
Sand
28,8%
Silt
39,8%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,9
Org. C
19,1g/kg
Clay
34,3%
Sand
27,8%
Silt
37,9%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest41.6%
Crops7.8%
Built-up4.5%
Bare soil1.4%
Other (grassland, water…)44.6%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology7 basins · 1 lakes · 5 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

56,2km

Lake surface here

0,31km²

Basins crossed

7

Max stream order

3

Max drainage

847km²

Discharge in basins

8,8m³/s

Mean precip.

802mm/an

Mean T°

13,5°C

Moisture idx

-0,14

Max snow

7%

Mean runoff

405mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

171m

Watersheds crossing here

Lakes (1, top by area)

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

9hab/km²

Night light

15,3nW

Built-up

455,5%

Pesticides

15,6kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)