Ontologia

Commune · ITA

Ferrara

Italy

CfaTemperate, no dry season, hot summer(100 %)

Species observed

1 835

Observations

32 677

Area

402,8km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 45 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Ferrara : 37 espèces dont 2 patrimoniales (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 124 interactions GloBI sur 4 types (connectance 12.5%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 8 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
45
Interactions affichées
124
Connectance
0.125
Patrimoniales
2
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

1 835 distinct species · 32 677 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

32 677 obs · 11 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 21 944
2 564–21 943
1 371–2 563
851–1 370
< 851

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

14,6°C

Annual rain

655mm

Warmest m°

30,9°C

Coldest m°

-0,2°C

Elevation: 5 m on average (min -1 m, max 12 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
14,6°C
Annual rain
655mm
Warmest month
30,9°C
Coldest month
-0,2°C
Mean alt.
5m
Min
-1m
Max
12m
Std. dev.
2m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CfaTemperate, no dry season, hot summer(100 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

7,7

Org. C

26,3g/kg

Clay

40,0%

Sand

11,4%

Silt

48,5%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: suGLiMaggregated to Ferrara

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
7,5
Org. C
43,9g/kg
Clay
38,7%
Sand
11,5%
Silt
49,8%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
7,7
Org. C
18,7g/kg
Clay
40,2%
Sand
10,8%
Silt
48,9%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
7,7
Org. C
16,4g/kg
Clay
41,1%
Sand
11,9%
Silt
46,9%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest7.5%
Crops55.5%
Built-up2.4%
Bare soil2.5%
Other (grassland, water…)32.1%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology4 basins · 0 lakes · 8 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

70,2km

Basins crossed

4

Max stream order

6

Max drainage

72 284km²

Discharge in basins

320,7m³/s

Mean precip.

693mm/an

Mean T°

13,6°C

Moisture idx

-0,24

Max snow

4%

Mean runoff

254mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

1m

Watersheds crossing here

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

2hab/km²

Night light

6,3nW

Built-up

237,1%

Pesticides

63,8kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas4

IUCN Not Reported · 4🌊 Marine · 3

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN