Nevado de Toluca
IUCN VIFlora and Fauna Protection Area · 2013
536 km²
Municipality · MEX
Coatepec Harinas
México
CwbTemperate, dry winter, warm summer(99 %)
Species observed
1 009
Observations
2 855
Area
286,6km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 17 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Coatepec Harinas : 15 espèces reliées par 13 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 9.6%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 2 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
17
Interactions affichées
13
Connectance
0.096
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
1 009 distinct species · 2 855 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
14,6°C
Annual rain
1 452mm
Warmest m°
23,6°C
Coldest m°
4,5°C
Elevation: 2 489 m on average (min 1 747 m, max 3 687 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
14,6°C
Annual rain
1 452mm
Warmest month
23,6°C
Coldest month
4,5°C
Mean alt.
2 489m
Min
1 747m
Max
3 687m
Std. dev.
397m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CwbTemperate, dry winter, warm summer(99 %)Temperate
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
6,0
Org. C
40,9g/kg
Clay
26,2%
Sand
46,4%
Silt
27,4%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: ssGLiM
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,0
Org. C
58,7g/kg
Clay
25,3%
Sand
46,6%
Silt
28,1%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,0
Org. C
42,2g/kg
Clay
25,6%
Sand
46,8%
Silt
27,5%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,0
Org. C
21,7g/kg
Clay
27,8%
Sand
45,7%
Silt
26,5%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest57.6%
Crops9.3%
Built-up3.5%
Bare soil2.1%
Other (grassland, water…)27.5%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology2 basins · 0 lakes · 3 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
65,2km
Basins crossed
2
Max stream order
3
Max drainage
1 274km²
Discharge in basins
4,6m³/s
Mean precip.
1 220mm/an
Mean T°
17,2°C
Moisture idx
-0,18
Mean runoff
367mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
2 176m
Watersheds crossing here
Rivers / streams (3, ord ≥ 4)
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
1hab/km²
Night light
1,3nW
Built-up
346,8%
Pesticides
23,1kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas1
IUCN VI · 1
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN