Ontologia

Pays · bgr

Bulgaria

CfaTemperate, no dry season, hot summer(56 %)

Species observed

17 113

Observations

2 156 077

Area

111 587,7km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 27 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Bulgaria : 21 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 45 interactions GloBI sur 3 types (connectance 12.8%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 6 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
27
Interactions affichées
45
Connectance
0.128
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

17 113 distinct species · 2 156 077 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

2 156 077 obs · 58 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 262 881
93 985–262 880
35 193–93 984
19 841–35 192
< 19 841

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.2° × 0.2° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

10,9°C

Annual rain

674mm

Warmest m°

26,0°C

Coldest m°

-4,1°C

Elevation: 472 m on average (min -42 m, max 2 644 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
10,9°C
Annual rain
674mm
Warmest month
26,0°C
Coldest month
-4,1°C
Mean alt.
472m
Min
-42m
Max
2 644m
Std. dev.
427m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
CfaTemperate, no dry season, hot summer(56 %)Temperate

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

6,5

Org. C

29,7g/kg

Clay

31,4%

Sand

28,6%

Silt

40,0%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
6,5
Org. C
50,4g/kg
Clay
30,5%
Sand
29,1%
Silt
40,4%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
6,5
Org. C
21,6g/kg
Clay
31,0%
Sand
29,4%
Silt
39,7%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,5
Org. C
17,2g/kg
Clay
32,7%
Sand
27,2%
Silt
40,0%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest33.7%
Crops41.1%
Built-up0.5%
Bare soil0.6%
Other (grassland, water…)24.1%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology192 basins · 50 lakes · 100 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Stream length here

10 225,9km

Lake surface here

375,10km²

Basins crossed

192

Max stream order

8

Max drainage

679 534km²

Discharge in basins

70 656,4m³/s

Mean precip.

608mm/an

Mean T°

10,2°C

Moisture idx

-0,34

Max snow

37%

Mean runoff

160mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

470m

Watersheds crossing here

183 more basins

Lakes (50, top by area)

41 more lakes

Rivers / streams (100, ord ≥ 4)

88 more river segments

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

0hab/km²

Night light

0,6nW

Built-up

48,9%

Pesticides

5,8kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas100

Country WDPA breakdown
Not Reported62 309 km²(353)
Not Assigned16 963 km²(30)
V2 767 km²(11)
II1 901 km²(3)
Ia991 km²(57)
VI794 km²(599)
Not Applicable410 km²(3)
IV288 km²(43)
III211 km²(356)
Ib34 km²(1)
IUCN Not Reported · 70IUCN Not Assigned · 17IUCN VI · 5IUCN V · 3IUCN II · 3IUCN Not Applicable · 2🌊 Marine · 14📍 Point sites · 11

Rodopi - Zapadni

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2021

2 727 km²

Rodopi - Iztochni

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2021

2 176 km²

Tundzha

IUCN Not Assigned

State Game Husbandries · 2023

1 986 km²

Rodopi - Sredni

IUCN Not Reported

Special Areas of Conservation (Habitats Directive) · 2021

1 551 km²

Strandzha

IUCN Not Reported

Site of Community Importance (Habitats Directive) · 2008

1 536 km²

Complete list

+ 40 protected areas (top 60 shown)

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN