Ontologia

City · IDN

Bitung

Indonesia

AfTropical, rainforest(100 %)

Species observed

1 356

Observations

39 912

Area

317,2km²

Ecological tissue

Sample of 8 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.

ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).

RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique

Indicateurs du tissu écologique

Tissu écologique de Bitung : 7 espèces reliées par 6 interactions GloBI sur 2 types (connectance 16.7%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 2 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).

Espèces affichées
9
Interactions affichées
6
Connectance
0.167
Patrimoniales
0
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)

Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).

Species present

1 356 distinct species · 39 912 observations

Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.

Densité d'observations

39 912 obs · 7 cellules
Obs. / cellule
≥ 33 796
33 796–33 795
1 848–33 795
757–1 847
< 757

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.027° × 0.027° (~22km), filtre précision coordonnée < 10 km. Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Climate

Mean T°

25,5°C

Annual rain

2 950mm

Warmest m°

27,5°C

Coldest m°

23,4°C

Elevation: 277 m on average (min -145 m, max 1 487 m)

Bioclimatic detailsExpert
Annual mean temp.
25,5°C
Annual rain
2 950mm
Warmest month
27,5°C
Coldest month
23,4°C
Mean alt.
277m
Min
-145m
Max
1 487m
Std. dev.
230m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
AfTropical, rainforest(100 %)Tropical

CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)

Soil & lithology

pH H₂O

4,9

Org. C

56,9g/kg

Clay

39,1%

Sand

24,7%

Silt

36,3%

Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.

Dominant lithology: viGLiM

3 soil depths detailedExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
4,9
Org. C
65,1g/kg
Clay
37,3%
Sand
25,7%
Silt
36,9%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,0
Org. C
53,5g/kg
Clay
38,5%
Sand
24,7%
Silt
36,8%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
5,0
Org. C
51,9g/kg
Clay
41,4%
Sand
23,5%
Silt
35,1%

SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)

Land cover

Forest82.9%
Crops0.4%
Built-up2.0%
Bare soil0.1%
Other (grassland, water…)14.6%

Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)

Hydrology1 basins · 0 lakes · 0 rivers

Hydrology metrics for this exact territory

Basins crossed

1

Max drainage

26 188km²

Discharge in basins

0,0m³/s

Mean precip.

2 022mm/an

Mean T°

24,5°C

Moisture idx

0,23

Mean runoff

846mm/an

Mean elev. (basins)

434m

Watersheds crossing here

Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10

Human pressure

Pop. density

6hab/km²

Night light

1,5nW

Built-up

204,8%

Pesticides

0,7kg/km²

GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)

Protected areas5

IUCN V · 3IUCN VI · 1IUCN III · 1🌊 Marine · 5

WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN

Sub-administrations8