Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary and Underwater Sanctuary
IUCN VMarine Protected Area · 2000
11 071 km²
County · USA
Alcona
United States
DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(100 %)
Species observed
1 737
Observations
134 699
Area
1 802,6km²
Ecological tissue
Sample of 32 species (selected proportionally per kingdom among those with at least one documented interaction here) to keep the graph readable. Hover for details, click to explore the full ecosystem of a species.
ℹ️ The territory contains many more species than displayed and all their documented interactions: the graph is intentionally the structural skeleton (top-N species by composite local score, edges filtered by Serrano 2009 disparity filter α=0.2).
RègnesAnimalPlanteChampignonBacterie
RelationsPredationParasitismeSymbiosePollinisation
StatutEn dangerVulnérableProtégéeEndémique
Indicateurs du tissu écologique
Tissu écologique de Alcona : 21 espèces dont 1 patrimoniale (LR IUCN CR/EN/VU) reliées par 77 interactions GloBI sur 4 types (connectance 15.5%, filtre Serrano α=0.2). 11 bulles taxonomiques (cascade genre/famille GloBI, ≥3 espèces).
Espèces affichées
32
Interactions affichées
77
Connectance
0.155
Patrimoniales
1
Plus dense que (national)0 %(top 100%)
Comparaison sur la connectance du réseau local complet vs distribution nationale (toutes les communes françaises).
Species present
1 737 distinct species · 134 699 observations
Source: GBIF Occurrence snapshot 2026-05-01.
Climate
Mean T°
7,0°C
Annual rain
789mm
Warmest m°
25,4°C
Coldest m°
-10,9°C
Elevation: 256 m on average (min 171 m, max 363 m)
Bioclimatic details19 BIO + Köppen full + altitude statsExpert
Annual mean temp.
7,0°C
Annual rain
789mm
Warmest month
25,4°C
Coldest month
-10,9°C
Mean alt.
256m
Min
171m
Max
363m
Std. dev.
40m
Köppen-Geiger (dominant)
DfbCold, no dry season, warm summer(100 %)Cold
CHELSA BIO 1-19 v2.1 · ETOPO DEM 60s · Köppen-Geiger 1991-2020 (Beck et al. 2018)
Soil & lithology
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
38,8g/kg
Clay
19,7%
Sand
48,3%
Silt
32,0%
Average over 0-30 cm. Per-depth details in expert panel.
Dominant lithology: ssGLiM
3 soil depths detailed0-5cm / 5-15cm / 15-30cm × 5 propsExpert
0–5 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
64,3g/kg
Clay
17,9%
Sand
49,3%
Silt
32,8%
5–15 cm
pH H₂O
5,9
Org. C
35,1g/kg
Clay
19,7%
Sand
47,9%
Silt
32,4%
15–30 cm
pH H₂O
6,0
Org. C
17,2g/kg
Clay
21,5%
Sand
47,7%
Silt
30,8%
SoilGrids 250m (ISRIC, 2017) · GLiM v1.0 (Hartmann & Moosdorf 2012)
Land cover
Forest74.6%
Crops3.9%
Built-up0.2%
Bare soil0.5%
Other (grassland, water…)20.9%
Copernicus Global Land Cover 100m (Buchhorn et al. 2020)
Hydrology8 basins · 25 lakes · 38 rivers
Hydrology metrics for this exact territory
Stream length here
352,8km
Lake surface here
49,17km²
Basins crossed
8
Max stream order
5
Max drainage
450 209km²
Discharge in basins
1 292,3m³/s
Mean precip.
739mm/an
Mean T°
6,2°C
Moisture idx
-0,14
Max snow
28%
Mean runoff
183mm/an
Mean elev. (basins)
245m
Watersheds crossing here
- Bassin de Lower South Branch Thunder Bay Riversub-area1 157,2 km²overlap698.07 km²39%
- Bassin de Van Etten Creeksub-area648,7 km²overlap580.96 km²32%
- Bassin de Au Sable Riversub-area1 235,2 km²overlap256.86 km²14%
- Bassin de Black Riversub-area1 186,5 km²overlap170.15 km²9%
- Bassin de Mill Creeksub-area1 429,8 km²overlap38.41 km²2%
- Basin #26470sub-area1 102,9 km²overlap37.00 km²2%
- Bassin de South Branch Devils Riversub-area347,1 km²overlap16.14 km²1%
- Bassin de Upper South Branch Thunder Bay Riversub-area450,4 km²overlap4.98 km²0%
Lakes (25, top by area)
- Huronarea59 399,3 km²avg depth59.8 m
- Hubbard Lakearea35 km²avg depth2.0 m
- Cedar Lakearea4 km²avg depth5.1 m
- Alcona Dam Pondarea3,6 km²avg depth8.5 m
- Lake #09814area1,1 km²avg depth4.1 m
- Lac 1043189area0,8 km²avg depth4.5 m
- Lac 1043844area0,7 km²avg depth3.6 m
- Lac 1044637area0,4 km²avg depth4.6 m
- Lac 1043414area0,3 km²avg depth3.5 m
16 more lakes
- Lac 1043745area0,3 km²avg depth3.3 m
- Lac 1043179area0,3 km²avg depth4.1 m
- Lac 1043763area0,3 km²avg depth3.6 m
- Lac 1044475area0,3 km²avg depth3.7 m
- Lac 1043696area0,3 km²avg depth3.7 m
- Lac 1043764area0,3 km²avg depth5.0 m
- Lac 1042970area0,3 km²avg depth2.8 m
- Lac 1043815area0,3 km²avg depth3.7 m
- Lac 1043232area0,2 km²avg depth3.1 m
- Lac 1044277area0,2 km²avg depth4.0 m
- Lac 1043442area0,2 km²avg depth2.8 m
- Lac 1043112area0,2 km²avg depth4.3 m
- Lac 1043039area0,2 km²avg depth4.4 m
- Lac 1044563area0,1 km²avg depth3.8 m
- Lac 1044389area0,1 km²avg depth3.8 m
- Lac 1043474area0,1 km²avg depth2.8 m
Rivers / streams (38, ord ≥ 4)
- Au Sable Riverord 5len here34.01 km13%total253 km
- South Branch Pine Riverord 3len here20.81 km27%total78 km
- Black Riverord 5len here19.56 km2%total1155 km
- Little Wolf Creekord 3len here18.82 km98%total19 km
- McGinn Creekord 2len here18.10 km92%total20 km
- West Branch Pine Riverord 3len here17.57 km100%total18 km
- Comstock Creekord 2len here17.46 km100%total17 km
- North Branch Black Riverord 4len here15.16 km40%total38 km
- Lower South Branch Thunder Bay Riverord 4len here15.15 km25%total60 km
- Silver Creekord 4len here13.64 km3%total416 km
- McGillis Creekord 1len here12.99 km100%total13 km
- Pine Riverord 4len here11.97 km2%total679 km
26 more river segmentssorted by Strahler order + length
- East Branch Pine Riverord 3len here11.47 km53%total22 km
- Van Etten Creekord 3len here10.24 km46%total22 km
- Grey Creekord 1len here9.79 km100%total10 km
- Little North Creekord 1len here8.94 km100%total9 km
- Indian Creekord 2len here8.81 km4%total204 km
- Sucker Creekord 3len here8.70 km4%total207 km
- Wallace Creekord 2len here8.53 km100%total9 km
- Vandercook Creekord 1len here8.41 km100%total8 km
- Holcomb Creekord 1len here8.26 km100%total8 km
- Blockhouse Creekord 5len here7.91 km56%total14 km
- Bryant Creekord 1len here7.70 km100%total8 km
- Pettis Creekord 1len here5.87 km100%total6 km
- West Branch Riverord 3len here4.63 km36%total13 km
- Stevens Creekord 5len here4.38 km7%total63 km
- Mill Creekord 4len here3.39 km1%total581 km
- Cold Creekord 3len here3.31 km4%total92 km
- Backus Creekord 2len here3.10 km14%total22 km
- McDonald Creekord 2len here3.02 km5%total59 km
- Wildcat Creekord 1len here2.50 km28%total9 km
- Wolf Creekord 3len here2.17 km2%total137 km
- Kurtz Creekord 1len here1.73 km100%total2 km
- Fish Creekord 8len here1.16 km0%total277 km
- Roy Creekord 3len here1.14 km100%total1 km
- Buff Creekord 3len here0.90 km17%total5 km
- Yoder Creekord 1len here0.85 km100%total1 km
- Beaver Creekord 4len here0.69 km0%total381 km
Live spatial overlap (cached after first hit) · HydroBASINS lev08 × HydroLAKES × HydroRIVERS v10
Human pressure
Pop. density
0hab/km²
Night light
0,1nW
Built-up
17,2%
Pesticides
12,5kg/km²
GHSL POP/Built 2020 · VIIRS lumière nocturne · PEST-CHEMGRIDS 2020 (Maggi et al.)
Protected areas18
IUCN Not Assigned · 12IUCN V · 5IUCN IV · 1
Gaylord State Forest Area
IUCN VState Forest
2 126 km²
Thunder Bay State Bottomland Preserve
IUCN IVMarine Protected Area · 1981
1 160 km²
Atlanta State Forest Area
IUCN VState Forest
1 057 km²
Au Sable, Michigan
IUCN VWild and Scenic River · 1984
28 km²
Farm Service Agency Interest Of Mi
IUCN Not AssignedConservation Easement
24 km²
Complete list18 protected areas
- Thunder Bay National Marine Sanctuary and Underwater SanctuaryMarine Protected AreaIUCN V200011 071 km²
- Gaylord State Forest AreaState ForestIUCN V2 126 km²
- Thunder Bay State Bottomland PreserveMarine Protected AreaIUCN IV19811 160 km²
- Atlanta State Forest AreaState ForestIUCN V1 057 km²
- Au Sable, MichiganWild and Scenic RiverIUCN V198428 km²
- Farm Service Agency Interest Of MiConservation EasementIUCN Not Assigned24 km²
- Hubbard Lake State GameLakeIUCN V2 km²
- ShivelyEasementIUCN Not Assigned20030 km²
- BegickEasementIUCN Not Assigned20050 km²
- 97-07-0704Conservation EasementIUCN Not Assigned20080 km²
- Big Paw ConservancyConservation EasementIUCN Not Assigned20070 km²
- WerthEasementIUCN Not Assigned20030 km²
- 03-01-0003Conservation EasementIUCN Not Assigned20080 km²
- 03-01-0030Conservation EasementIUCN Not Assigned20080 km²
- 05-01-0002Conservation EasementIUCN Not Assigned20080 km²
- 07-01-0027Conservation EasementIUCN Not Assigned20100 km²
- 01-01-0003Conservation EasementIUCN Not Assigned20080 km²
- 06-01-0018Conservation EasementIUCN Not Assigned20080 km²
WDPA (World Database on Protected Areas) — UNEP-WCMC & IUCN