Putois marbré
Vormela peregusna(Güldenstädt, 1770)
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Description
espèce de mammifères
Source : Wikidata
Pays · région · aire protégée · écorégion · biome
Graphe en cours d’indexation
Calcul du tissu écologique de Vormela peregusna.
Le graphe apparaîtra automatiquement dès que le calcul est terminé (rafraîchissement toutes les 5s).
Liste rouge IUCN
VU · Vulnérablecritères A2c↘Décroissante- Évaluation
- 2025 · v3.1
- Altitude
- 0 – 3000 m
- Profondeur
- – m
État de la populationTexte officiel évaluation IUCNExpert
It is rare throughout much of its range, and the population density is low in most parts of the species range. It has declined substantially in Europe in line with the loss of steppe habitats, with at least a 30% population reduction suspected due to this habitat loss. The species has always been naturally rare in most areas.
Menaces identifiées(3 menaces classées CMP-IUCN)
2_1_3Agro-industry farmingOngoing5_1_2Unintentional effects (species is not the target)Ongoing8_2Problematic native species/diseasesOngoing
Description complète des menacesTexte détaillé évaluation IUCNExpert
The major threat to this species is the loss of natural steppe and desert habitats. Steppe habitats are declining in Europe as they are converted to cultivated farmland. Secondary poisoning by rodenticides may also be a threat, as are population declines in key prey species (a number of steppe rodent species are declining in Europe).
Habitats préférentiels (classification IUCN)
4_4Grassland - Temperate8_2Desert - Temperate
Mesures de conservation recommandéesStratégies de conservation IUCNExpert
It is strictly protected under Appendix II of the Bern Convention and Annexes II and IV of the EU Habitats Directive. The species was assessed as Vulnerable in the Red Data Book of Bulgaria (Spassov and Spiridonov 2011).
Hunting for this species is prohibited in most countries across its range. It occurs in a number of protected areas across its range, but there is a need to increase the size of these. There is an urgent need to protect the remaining steppe habitat of this species. It is a flagship species for the steppe. A number of animals are in captivity, but a breeding programme is not necessary. Russia's Red List notes the species as Vulnerable.
Hunting for this species is prohibited in most countries across its range. It occurs in a number of protected areas across its range, but there is a need to increase the size of these. There is an urgent need to protect the remaining steppe habitat of this species. It is a flagship species for the steppe. A number of animals are in captivity, but a breeding programme is not necessary. Russia's Red List notes the species as Vulnerable.
Actions de conservation (3)Conservation Actions Classification Scheme — IUCNExpert
1_1Site/area protection2_1Site/area management2_3Habitat & natural process restoration
Stress écologiques (4)Stresses Classification — IUCNExpert
1_1Ecosystem conversion1_2Ecosystem degradation1_2Ecosystem degradation2_1Species mortality
Priorités de recherche (3)Research Needed Classification — IUCNExpert
1_2Population size, distribution & trends1_5Threats3_1Population trends
Niche IUCN globaleRealms · Systems · LMEs · Growth forms · FAOs — biogéographie IUCNExpert
Royaumes biogéographiques
Palearctic
Systèmes (terrestre/eau douce/marin)
Terrestrial
Références bibliographiques (30)Sources scientifiques de l'évaluation IUCNExpert
- IUCN. 2025. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2025-1. Available at: <a href="www.iucnredlist.org">www.iucnredlist.org</a>. (Accessed: 27 March 2025).
- Puzachenko, A.Yu.,Rozhnov, V.V. and Abramov, A.V. 2017. Cranial variation and taxonomic content of the marbled polecat <i>Vormela peregusna</i> (Mustelidae, Carnivora). <i>Mammalian Biology </i> 83: 10-20.
- Sohail, S. and Mohallal, E.M.E. 2016. The vertebrate fauna recorded from northeastern Sinai, Egypt. <i>Egyptian Journal of Desert Research </i> 66(1): 35-55.
- Ivanov, V. and Spassov, N. 2015. Some new data on the distribution, habitats and ecology of the threatened European mustelids <i>Mustela eversmanii</i> and <i>Vormela peregusna</i> in Bulgaria. <i>Historia Naturalis Bulgarica </i> 21: 267-271.
- Sirenko, V., Sirenko, N., Podpriatov, O. and Sirenko, O. 2015. State of the marbled polecat (<i>Vormela peregusna</i>) population in southeastern Ukraine. <i>Proceedings of the Theriological School </i> 13: 37-41.
- Spassov, N. and Spiridonov, G. 2011. Steppe polecat, <i>Mustela eversmanni</i> Lesson, 1827. <i>Red Data Book of the Republic of Bulgaria. Digital edition, Vol. 2. Animals</i>, Joint Edition of the Bulgarian Academy of Sciences & Ministry of Environment and Water, Sofia.
- Khorozyan, I. 2010. European marbled polecat – <i>Vormela peregusna</i> (Güldenstädt, 1770). In: Yerevan (ed.), <i>Red book of animals of the Republic of Armenia. Invertebrates and vertebrates, 2nd edn</i>, pp. 341.
- Dulamtseren, S., Shar, S., Murdoch, J.D., Reading, R.P., Gantulga, J., Usukhjargal, D. and Buyandelger, S. 2009. Notes on the distribution of Marbled Polecat <i>Vormela peregusna</i> in Mongolia. <i>Small Carnivore Conservation</i> 40: 29–32.
- Wozencraft, W.C. 2008. Order Carnivora. In: A.T. Smith and Y. Xie (eds), <i>A Guide to the Mammals of China</i>, pp. 576. Princeton University Press.
- Karami, M., Hutterer, R., Benda, P., Siahsarvie, R. and Kryštufek, B. 2008. Annotated check-list of the mammals of Iran. <i>Lynx (Praha)</i> 39(1): 63-102.
- Clark, E. L. & Munkhbat, J. 2006. <i>Mongolian Red List of mammals</i>. Zoological Society of London, London, UK.
- Wozencraft, W.C. 2005. Order Carnivora. In: D.E. Wilson and D.M. Reeder (eds), <i>Mammal Species of the World: A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference. Third Edition</i>, pp. 532-628. Johns Hopkins University Press, Baltimore.
- Gorsuch, W.A. and Larivière, S. 2005. <i>Vormela peregusna. Mammalian Species. 779:1-5.</i>.
- Dolev, A. and Perevolotsky, A. 2004. The Red Book. Vertebrates in Israel. <i>Israel Nature and Parks Authority, Jerusalem</i>.
- Krystufek, B. and Petkovski, S. 2003. Annotated checklist of the mammals of the Republic of Macedonia. <i>Bonner Zoologische Beiträge</i> 51(4): 229-254.
- Wang, Y.X. 2003. <i>A Complete Checklist of Mammal Species and Subspecies in China (A Taxonomic and Geographic Reference)</i>. China Forestry Publishing House, Beijing, China.
- Bukhnikashvili, A. and Kandaurov, A. 2002. The annotated list of mammals of Georgia. <i>Proceedings of the Institute of Zoology, Tbilisi</i> 21: 319-336.
- Spassov, N., Georgiev, K., Ivanova, N. and Ivanov, V. 2002. Study of the status of marbled polecat (<i>Vormela peregusna peregusna </i>Guld.) in Western and North-Eastern Bulgaria with data on the status of its potential main prey species and competitors. <i>Historia Naturalis Bulgarica</i> 14: 123-140.
- Milenković, M., Pavnović, M., Abel, H. and Griffiths, H.J. 2000. The marbled polecat, <i>Vormela peregusna</i> (Güldenstaedt 1770) in FR Yugoslavia and elsewhere. In: Griffiths HJ (ed.), <i>Mustelids in a modern world: management and conservation aspects of small carnivore and human interactions</i>, pp. 321–329. Backhuys Publishers, Leiden, Netherlands.
- Özkurt, S., Sözen, M., Yiğit, N., Çolak, E. and Verimli, R. 2000. On colouration and karyology of the marbled polecat, <i>Vormela peregusna</i>, in Turkey. <i>Zoology in the Middle East </i> 21: 13-18.
- Rifai, L.B., Al-Shafee, D.M., Al-Melhim, W.N., and Amr, Z.S. 1999. Status of the marbled polecat, <i>Vormela peregusna</i> (Güldenstaedt, 1770), in Jordan. <i>Zoology in the Middle East </i> 17(1): 5-8.
- Rozhnov, V.V. 1999. Vormela peregusna. In: A.J. Mitchell-Jones, G. Amori, W. Bogdanowicz, B. Kryštufek, P.J.H. Reijnders, F. Spitzenberger, M. Stubbe, J.B.M. Thissen, V. Vohralík, and J. Zima (eds), The Atlas of European Mammals. Academic Press, London.
- Saleh, M.A. and Basuony, M. 1998. <i>A contribution to the mammalogy of the Sinai Peninsula. Mammalia 62: 557–575.</i>.
- Spassov, N. and Spiridonov, G. 1993. <i>Vormela peregusna</i> (Guldenstaedt, 1770). In: Stubbe, M. andKrapp, F. (ed.), <i>Handbuch der Säugetiere Europas. Band Raubsäuger (5/II)</i>, pp. 817-855. Aula, Wiesbaden.
- Nader, I. 1991. <i>First record of the marbled polecat Vormela peregusna (Gueldenstaedt, 1770) for Saudi Arabia (Mammalia: Carnivora: Mustelidae). Fauna of Saudi Arabia 12: 416–419.</i>.
- Ochirov, Yu, D., Gizenko, A.I. and Boyarkin, I.V. 1977. Materials on ecology and distribution of the marbled polecat (<i>Vormela peregusna</i> Guld.) in Tyva. <i>Vestnik Zoologii </i> 5: 81-82.
- Hassinger, J.D. 1973. A survey of the Mammals of Afghanistan resulting from the 1965 Street Expedition (excluding bats). <i>Fieldiana Zoology</i> 60: 1-195.
- Harrison, D. 1968. <i>Mammals of Arabia. Vol. 2. London: Ernst-Benn Ltd.</i>.
- Lewis, R.E., Lewis, J.H. and Atalla, S.I. 1968. A review of Lebanese mammals: Carnivora, Pinnipedia, Hyracoidea, and Artiodactyla. <i>Journal of Zoology </i> 154: 517-531.
- Heptner, V.G., Naumov, N.P., Yurgenson P.B., Sludskii, A.A., Chirkova, A.F. and Bannikov, A.G. 1967. <i>Mammals of Soviet Union. Vol. 2(1). Sea Cows and Carnivora</i>. Vyshaya shkola, Moscow, Russia.
Évaluateurs & contributeurs (3)Personnes ayant contribué à l'évaluation IUCNExpert
assessor
Abramov, A.V.
contributor
Tikhonov, A., Cavallini, P., Maran, T., Kranz, A., Herrero, J., Giannatos, G., Stubbe, M., Kryštufek, B. & Wozencraft, C
evaluator
Kitchener, A. & Masuda, R.
Abramov, A.V. 2025. Vormela peregusna (Europe assessment). The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2025: e.T29680A215859833. Accessed on 05 May 2026.
Traits biologiques
21 valeurs · 6 sources
Morphologie(5)
Cycle de vie(1)
Voir 15 traits de plus (2 catégories)Replier
Reproduction(6)
Écologie & habitat(9)
Sources priorisées par qualité scientifique (peer-reviewed spécialisées → Wikidata fallback). Unités auto-converties, valeur max retenue en cas de mesures multiples. Méthodologie · Citations.
Distribution mondiale
Calcul de la distribution GBIF· ~10–60 s
Phénologie
Calcul du calendrier d'apparition· ~5–30 s
Consulter sur les bases externes
Observations & statuts
Cartographie
Note nomenclaturale & synonymesDétails taxonomiques + synonymes CoLExpert
Note nomenclaturale
TAXREF v18 — INPN/MNHNSynonymes (5)— redirigent vers cette page
- Mustela peregusnaGüldenstädt, 1770
- Peregusna peregusna(Güldenstaedt, 1770)
- Vormela euxina
- Vormela koshewnikovi
- Vormela sarmatica
Sources : Catalogue of Life Cross-References (synonymes) · TAXREF v18 INPN/MNHN (commentaires FR).