Trillium decumbens

Collection of the plant as an ornamental may lead to localized population declines. The magnitude of this threat is poorly understood (NatureServe 2019). Several other Trillium species within the region are threatened by herbivory associated with overabundance of White-tailed Deer (Odocoileus virginianus) (Jenkins and Webster 2009, Webster et al. 2005). However, the fetid odour of the species and low-growing habit are thought to largely mitigate the impact of herbivory. Feral hogs (Sus domesticus) within the region have a negative impact on other Trillium species (Bratton 1974). The species' preference for rocky slopes prevents rooting from presenting a substantial threat to the species. Forestry management strategies and land conversion may also lead to reductions in the species’ relatively restricted range. Habitat loss caused by logging and land conversion for silviculture could impact some subpopulations. Strip mining may impact some subpopulations (Case and Case 2009) but this is thought to be a minor threat.

The species is listed as Endangered in the state of Tennessee and Special Concern in Alabama (Case and Case 2009, USDA, NRCS 2019). The species’ status in Alabama and Georgia is uncertain as it is not tracked by either state’s Natural Heritage Program. Though the species is not specifically protected in much of its range, it does incidentally occur in the Crockford-Pigeon Mountain Wildlife Management Area, Cherokee National Forest, and several smaller protected areas (IUCN and UNEP-WCMC 2019).

Protection of critical habitat from degradation associated with strip mining is needed to prevent population declines. Additional research is needed to determine the efficacy of mine remediation and the suitability of remediated landscapes as Decumbent Trillium habitat. Population monitoring is warranted given the nature of the threats to the species and its limited range.