
Catié
Pseudophoenix vinifera(Mart.) Becc.
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Pays · région · aire protégée · écorégion · biome
Graphe en cours d’indexation
Calcul du tissu écologique de Pseudophoenix vinifera.
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Liste rouge IUCN
VU · Vulnérablecritères B2ab(ii,iii,iv,v)↘Décroissante- Évaluation
- 2023 · v3.1
- Altitude
- 30 – 600 m
- Profondeur
- – m
État de la populationTexte officiel évaluation IUCNExpert
The population is scattered and severely fragmented, occurring sometimes as a single solitary palm, small clusters (4–6 individuals) or scattered widely spaced individuals. The most abundant subpopulations occur on the northern face of the Sierra de Barohuco and the southern face of the Sierra de Neiba in the Dominican Republic. However, the remaining subpopulations in the Dominican Republic and all the subpopulations in Haiti, likely to account for greater than 50% of the overall population, are small and isolated. The population in Haiti is estimated to number no more than 100 individuals and these range mostly in the band of Subtropical Dry Forest from Bombardopolis in northwestern Haiti to both sides of the Cul-de-Sac Plain in southeastern Haiti.
In the landscape, the palm is uncommon to rare, typically with large distances between subpopulations. In many cases, these subpopulations are under threat associated with forest clearing for charcoal manufacture, free-range livestock grazing and development. The species appears to tolerate a certain degree of abuse as older individuals are often scarred with deep gashes in the trunk that local residents use to climb the tree for the harvest of fruit, thatch and the sweet sap. In areas where the species was formerly common, a decline has been observed due to over exploitation of the species and the conversion of its natural habitat to development and agricultural use. A decline in the population and its area of occupancy is also inferred by deforestation trends on Hispaniola, as monitored by Global Forest Watch (2022).
In the landscape, the palm is uncommon to rare, typically with large distances between subpopulations. In many cases, these subpopulations are under threat associated with forest clearing for charcoal manufacture, free-range livestock grazing and development. The species appears to tolerate a certain degree of abuse as older individuals are often scarred with deep gashes in the trunk that local residents use to climb the tree for the harvest of fruit, thatch and the sweet sap. In areas where the species was formerly common, a decline has been observed due to over exploitation of the species and the conversion of its natural habitat to development and agricultural use. A decline in the population and its area of occupancy is also inferred by deforestation trends on Hispaniola, as monitored by Global Forest Watch (2022).
Menaces identifiées(4 menaces classées CMP-IUCN)
1_1Housing & urban areasUnknownUnknownOngoing5_2_1Intentional use (species is the target)Slow, Significant DeclinesMajority (50-90%)Ongoing2_3_2Small-holder grazing, ranching or farmingOngoing7_1_3Trend Unknown/UnrecordedOngoing
Description complète des menacesTexte détaillé évaluation IUCNExpert
The main threats to the species are the exploitation of the palm for its sweet sap, the removal of whole plants for ornamental purposes and the loss of habitat/decline of habitat quality due to exploitation of the dry forests for agriculture, livestock raising, charcoal making and residential development.
Habitats préférentiels (classification IUCN)
1_5Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Dry1_6Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland
Mesures de conservation recommandéesStratégies de conservation IUCNExpert
The species occurs in several protected areas of Haiti and the Dominican Republic. It is planted as an ornamental throughout Hispaniola and exists in at least 10 ex situ locations (BGCI 2022). However, there is no known recovery program and conservation management program targeting the in situ population except community awareness programs by Grupo Jaragua and other conservation organizations in the Dominican Republic.
Peguero et al. (2015) assessed the species as Critically Endangered based on the criteria of A2abcd+4abcd. This assessment should be verified using appropriate data for the selected criteria. Zona et al. (2007) suggested a status of Vulnerable based on an estimated 10% reduction of the population over three generations. Not knowing the generation time of the species, this assessment uses its restricted area of occupancy coupled with severe fragmentation and a loss of habitat/decline in habitat quality as the main criteria for the species’ threatened status.
Peguero et al. (2015) assessed the species as Critically Endangered based on the criteria of A2abcd+4abcd. This assessment should be verified using appropriate data for the selected criteria. Zona et al. (2007) suggested a status of Vulnerable based on an estimated 10% reduction of the population over three generations. Not knowing the generation time of the species, this assessment uses its restricted area of occupancy coupled with severe fragmentation and a loss of habitat/decline in habitat quality as the main criteria for the species’ threatened status.
Actions de conservation (2)Conservation Actions Classification Scheme — IUCNExpert
1_2Resource & habitat protection3_1_1Harvest management
Stress écologiques (7)Stresses Classification — IUCNExpert
1_1Ecosystem conversion1_1Ecosystem conversion1_2Ecosystem degradation1_2Ecosystem degradation1_2Ecosystem degradation2_1Species mortality2_2Species disturbance
Usage & commerce (4)Use & Trade — IUCNExpert
1Food - humansubsistance11Other household goodssubsistance2Food - animalsubsistance9Construction or structural materialssubsistance
Priorités de recherche (6)Research Needed Classification — IUCNExpert
1_2Population size, distribution & trends1_3Life history & ecology1_4Harvest, use & livelihoods1_5Threats1_6Actions3_1Population trends
Niche IUCN globaleRealms · Systems · LMEs · Growth forms · FAOs — biogéographie IUCNExpert
Royaumes biogéographiques
Neotropical
Systèmes (terrestre/eau douce/marin)
Terrestrial
Formes de croissance
Tree - large
Références bibliographiques (21)Sources scientifiques de l'évaluation IUCNExpert
- IUCN. 2023. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2023-1. Available at: <a href="www.iucnredlist.org">www.iucnredlist.org</a>. (Accessed: 07 December 2023).
- BGCI. 2022. Botanic Gardens Conservation International (BGCI) - PlantSearch. Available at: <a href="https://tools.bgci.org/plant_search.php">https://tools.bgci.org/plant_search.php</a>. (Accessed: 2022).
- UNEP-WCMC and IUCN. 2022. Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA) and World Database on Other Effective Area-based Conservation Measures (WD-OECM) [Online]. Cambridge, UK. UNEP-WCMC and IUCN. Available at: <a href="https://www.protectedplanet.net">https://www.protectedplanet.net</a>. (Accessed: 1 January 2022, 2021).
- Global Forest Watch. 2022. Interactive Forest Change Mapping Tool. Available at: <a href="http://www.globalforestwatch.org/">http://www.globalforestwatch.org/</a>.
- IUCN. 2021. Mapping standards and data quality for the IUCN Red List Spatial Data, Version 1.19.: 28.
- Peguero, B. and Jimenez, F. 2020. La vegetacion natural de Republica Dominicana. Adiciones a la clasificacion de Hager & Zanoni (1993). <i>Moscosoa</i> 20: 177-192.
- Peguero, B., A. Veloz, R. Garcia, T. Clase, C. los Santos, D. Jones and Jimenez, F. 2015. Estado de conservacion de las palmas de la isla Espanola. <i>Moscosoa</i> 19: 139-147.
- Peguero, B. and Garcia, R. 2015. Plantas endémicas y nativas cultivadas en la ciudad de Santo Domingo. <i>Moscosoa </i> 19: 96-128.
- Acevedo-Rodriguez, P. and Strong, M.T. 2012. <i>Catalogue of Seed Plants of the West Indies</i>. Smithsonian Institution Scholarly Press, Washington, D.C.
- Zona, S., Verdecia, R., Sanchez, A.L., Lewis C.E. and Maunder, M. 2007. The conservation status of West Indian palms (Arecaceae). <i>Oryx</i> 41(3): 300-305.
- Zona, S. 2006. Additions to "A Review of Animal-Mediated Seed Dispersal of Palms". Coral Gables, FL Available at: <a href="http://www.virtualherbarium.org/palms/psdispersal.html">http://www.virtualherbarium.org/palms/psdispersal.html</a>.
- Zanoni, T. and Jimenez, F. 2002. Notas para la flora de la Espanola IX. <i>Moscosoa</i> 13: 174-197.
- Zona, S. 2002. A revision of <i>Pseudophoenix</i>. <i>Palms</i> 46(1): 19-38.
- Garcia, R., Mejia, M., Peguero, B. and Jimenez, F. 2001. Flora endemica de la Sierra de Bahoruco, Republica Dominicana. <i>Moscosoa</i> 12: 9-44.
- Hager, J. & T. A. Zanoni. 1993. La vegetacion natural de la Republica Dominicana: Una nueva clasificacion. <i>Moscosoa</i> 7: 39-81.
- Ferreras, B. S. 1993. Zonacion de la vegetacion en un transecto altitudinal (La Descubierta - Hondo Valle), en Sierra Neiba, Republica Dominicana. <i>Moscosoa</i> 7: 83-125.
- Henderson, A., Aubry, M., Timyan, J. and Balick, M. 1990. Conservation status of Haitian palms. <i>Principes</i> 34(3): 134-142.
- Zanoni, T.A. and Mejia, M. 1989. Notas sobre la flora de la Espaniola. III. <i>Moscosoa</i> 5: 85-115.
- Read, R.W. 1968. Study of <i>Pseudophoenix</i>. <i>Gentes Herbarum</i> 10: 169-213.
- Holdridge, L.R. 1967. <i>Life zone ecology</i>. Revised edition. Tropical Science Centre, San José, Costa Rica.
- Bailey, L.H. 1939. The <i>Pseudophoenix</i> puzzle. <i>Gentes Herbarum</i> 4(7): 276-284.
Évaluateurs & contributeurs (3)Personnes ayant contribué à l'évaluation IUCNExpert
assessor
Timyan, J. & Zona, S.
evaluator
Marfleet, K.
facilitators
Timyan, J.
Timyan, J. & Zona, S. 2023. Pseudophoenix vinifera. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2023: e.T201637A2710286. Accessed on 05 May 2026.
Distribution mondiale
Calcul de la distribution GBIF· ~10–60 s
Phénologie
Calcul du calendrier d'apparition· ~5–30 s
Consulter sur les bases externes
Observations & statuts
Cartographie
Note nomenclaturale & synonymesDétails taxonomiques + synonymes CoLExpert
Note nomenclaturale
TAXREF v18 — INPN/MNHNSynonymes (5)— redirigent vers cette page
- Aeria vinifera(Mart.) O.F.Cook
- Cocos vinifera(Mart.) Mart.
- Euterpe viniferaMart.
- Gaussia vinifera(Mart.) H.Wendl.
- Pseudophoenix insignisO.F.Cook
Sources : Catalogue of Life Cross-References (synonymes) · TAXREF v18 INPN/MNHN (commentaires FR).