Musa gracilis

Holttum

Plante

LCLR Monde (IUCN)

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Filtrer le graphe par contexte spatialPays · région · aire protégée · écorégion · biome

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Calcul du tissu écologique de Musa gracilis.

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Liste rouge IUCN

LC · Préoccupation mineure?Inconnue

Évaluation complète

Évaluation: 2020 · v3.1
Altitude: 299 – 300 m
Profondeur: – m

État de la populationTexte officiel évaluation IUCNExpert

Historically, this species was only known from two subpopulations but recent research has identified at least 14 subpopulations across Peninsular Malaysia (Ng 1984, Norfazlina et al. 2016). It is speculated that the widespread logging of forests in Johore and Trengganu may have increased its abundance, given its affinity for disturbed forest (Kiew 1987). Despite this, population information from the Adapting Agriculture to Climate Change project has indicated that the population is small in the areas where germplasm has been recently collected (Dempewolf et al. 2014). However, no numerical population information is available and the current population trend is unknown. Research into population status and trends is therefore recommended.

Menaces identifiées(1 menace classée CMP-IUCN)

8_2_2
Named species
Causing/Could cause fluctuationsMinority (<50%)Ongoing

Description complète des menacesTexte détaillé évaluation IUCNExpert

In some areas of Johore where older collections were recorded, clear-felling has taken place. However, logging per se is not a threat to this species; in fact, extensive logging in the foothills in Trengganu and Kelantan has probably created more suitable habitat and increased the abundance of the plant in these areas (Kiew 1987). At Ulu Endau, banana subpopulations suffer heavily from periodic consumption by elephants, which uproot and eat the stems (Kiew 1987). Between 1975 and 2015, the percentage of total land use in Malaysia taken up by palm oil plantations increased from about 2% to about 18% (Malaysian Palm Oil Board 2017). However, the effect of agricultural land use change on Musa gracilis is unclear. More research is needed to ascertain the impact that the expansion of the palm oil industry may be having on the species.

Habitats préférentiels (classification IUCN)

14_6Artificial/Terrestrial - Subtropical/Tropical Heavily Degraded Former Forest
1_6Forest - Subtropical/Tropical Moist Lowland

Mesures de conservation recommandéesStratégies de conservation IUCNExpert

The genus Musa is listed in Annex I of the International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) which aims to guarantee sustainable agriculture and food security through the conservation and sustainable use of plant genetic resources for food and agriculture, as well as ensuring the fair and equitable sharing of the benefits arising out of their use (FAO 2009). There are eleven M. gracilis germplasm accessions held by the Millennium Seed Bank Project; these accessions were collected from wild plants in Malaysia (Genesys Global Portal on Plant Genetic Resources 2019). Six botanical gardens are listed as sites of ex situ conservation for this species (BGCI 2019). It has been recorded from the 623.96 km² Krau Wildlife Reserve, the 2072 km² Belum Wildlife Reserve and in very close proximity to the 1191.59 km² Endau Rompin National Park; passive conservation is presumed in these areas, however, there is no evidence of active management or monitoring of this species (Protected Planet 2019). In the 1997 IUCN Red List of threatened plants, M. gracilis was listed as Vulnerable (Walter and Gillett 1998).

Stress écologiques (3)Stresses Classification — IUCNExpert

1_2Ecosystem degradation
2_1Species mortality
2_2Species disturbance

Usage & commerce (2)Use & Trade — IUCNExpert

13Pets/display animals, horticulture
international
14Research
internationalnational

Priorités de recherche (3)Research Needed Classification — IUCNExpert

1_2Population size, distribution & trends
3_1Population trends
3_4Habitat trends

Niche IUCN globaleRealms · Systems · LMEs · Growth forms · FAOs — biogéographie IUCNExpert

Royaumes biogéographiques

Indomalayan

Systèmes (terrestre/eau douce/marin)

Terrestrial

Formes de croissance

Forb or Herb

Références bibliographiques (18)Sources scientifiques de l'évaluation IUCNExpert

IUCN. 2020. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2020-1. Available at: <a href="www.iucnredlist.org">www.iucnredlist.org</a>. (Accessed: 19 March 2020).
Board of Trustees, RBG Kew. 2019. Plants of the World Online Portal. Richmond, UK Available at: <a href="http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org">http://www.plantsoftheworldonline.org</a>.
Protected Planet. 2019. Protected Planet: The World Database on Protected Areas (WDPA). Cambridge, UK Available at: <a href="www.protectedplanet.net">www.protectedplanet.net</a>. (Accessed: 2019).
Genesys Global Portal on Plant Genetic Resources. 2019. Genesys. Available at: <a href="https://www.genesys-pgr.org/welcome">https://www.genesys-pgr.org/welcome</a>. (Accessed: 4 February 2019).
WCSP. 2019. World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Available at: <a href=" http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/"> http://apps.kew.org/wcsp/</a>.
GBIF. 2018. Global Biodiversity Information Facility. Available at: <a href="http://data.gbif.org/species/">http://data.gbif.org/species/</a>.
BGCI (Botanic Gardens Conservation International). 2018. PlantSearch online database. Richmond, UK Available at: <a href="www.bgci.org/plant_search.php">www.bgci.org/plant_search.php</a>. (Accessed: 2018).
Kushairi, A. 2017. Malaysian Palm Oil Industry Performance 2016 and Prospects for 2017. Palm Oil Economic Review & Outlook Seminar 2017. Malaysian Palm Oil Board, Kuala Lumpur.
Norfazlina, B., Wickneswari, R., Choong, C.Y. 2016. Geographical distribution of Musa gracilis Holttum in Peninsular Malaysia. In: Ibrahim, K. et al. (ed.), The 2016 UKM FST Postgraduate Colloquium: Proceedings of the Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Faculty of Science and Technology 2016 Postgraduate Colloquium 1784. Selangor, Malaysia.
Dempewolf, H., Eastwood, R.J., Guarino, L., Khoury, C.J., Müller, J.V. and Toll, J. 2014. Adapting agriculture to climate change: a global initiative to collect, conserve and use crop wild relatives. Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems 38: 369-377.
Häkkinen, M. 2013. Reappraisal of sectional taxonomy in Musa (Musaceae). Taxon 62(4): 809-813.
Bachman, S., Moat, J., Hill, A.W., de la Torre, J. and Scott, B. 2011. Supporting Red List threat assessments with GeoCAT: geospatial conservation assessment tool. In: V. Smith and L. Penev (eds) e-Infrastructures for data publishing in biodiversity science. Zookeys 150: 117–126.
FAO. 2009. International Treaty on Plant Genetic Resources for Food and Agriculture (ITPGRFA) [Online]. Rome: Food and Agriculture Organisation. Available at: <a href="ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/011/i0510e/i0510e.pdf">ftp://ftp.fao.org/docrep/fao/011/i0510e/i0510e.pdf</a>. (Accessed: 18/12/2012).
Maxted, N., Ford-Lloyd, B.V., Jury, S., Kell, S. and Scholten, M. 2006. Towards a definition of a crop wild relative. Biodiversity and Conservation 15: 2673-2685.
Walter, K.S. and Gillett, H.J. (eds). 1998. 1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. IUCN – The World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
Kiew, R. 1987. Notes on the Natural History of the Johore Banana, Musa gracilis Holttum. Malayan Nature Journal 41: 239-248.
Ng, F.S.P. 1984. Portraits of Threatened Plants. 6. Musa gracilis Holttum. Malayan Naturalist 38(1): 9-10.
Cheesman, E.E. 1950. Classification of the Bananas: Critical Notes on Species: M. violascens and M. gracilis. Kew Bulletin 5(2): 152-155.