Ontologia

Lophozonia glauca

(Phil.) Heenan & Smissen

VULR Monde (IUCN)
Pays · région · aire protégée · écorégion · biome

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Calcul du tissu écologique de Lophozonia glauca.

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Liste rouge IUCN

VU · Vulnérablecritères A2cDécroissante
Évaluation complète
Évaluation
2017 · v3.1
Altitude
1001100 m
Profondeur
m
État de la populationExpert
This species is considered the dominant tree across its native range however over the last three generation population has declined by at least 30% due to the use of the species as a timber and due to deforestation. Deforestation is a consequence of the establishment of plantations of non-native species, however, fewer of these plantations are now being established. Hence, population decline has begun to slow over the the last 10 years but population is decreasing (C. Echeverría pers. comm. 2017). Also, in some parts of its range population is fragmented. For example in the Maulino reserve 2–5 ha plots are separated by over 50 m and the forests itself is severely fragmented (Burgos et al. 2008). Fajardo and Alaback (2005) found that between two plots (0.12–0.14 ha) seedling density varied from 17.9 to 48.9%.

Menaces identifiées(11 menaces classées CMP-IUCN)

  • 1_1
    Housing & urban areas
    Rapid DeclinesUnknownOngoing
  • 2_1_2
    Small-holder farming
    Rapid DeclinesUnknownOngoing
  • 2_1_3
    Agro-industry farming
    Rapid DeclinesUnknownOngoing
  • 2_2_2
    Agro-industry plantations
    Rapid DeclinesUnknownOngoing
  • 2_3_2
    Small-holder grazing, ranching or farming
    Rapid DeclinesUnknownOngoing
  • 5_3_1
    Intentional use: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]
    Rapid DeclinesUnknownOngoing
  • 5_3_5
    Motivation Unknown/Unrecorded
    Rapid DeclinesUnknownOngoing
  • 11_3
    Temperature extremes
    UnknownUnknownFuture
  • 7_1_3
    Trend Unknown/Unrecorded
    UnknownUnknownOngoing
  • 8_2_1
    Unspecified species
    UnknownMinority (<50%)Ongoing

+ 1 menaces supplémentaires

Description complète des menacesExpert
This species is threatened by deforestation and habitat loss. The establishment of plantations of Pinus radiata (Fajardo and Alaback 2005) and Eucalyptus globulus (Litton and Santelices 2003) caused a reduction in the range of the species and has left N. glauca population fragmented, despite the fact that the threat from this forest use has declined in the last 10 years. The greater occurrence of dry Pinus plantations (Litton and Santelices 2003) has led to the increased threat from fire. The species is also at risk from stand degradation (Fajardo and Alaback 2005). There is also growing concern of pre-dispersal seed predation from microlepidoptera larva (Perzelia spp.) which can cause a loss of 57% of seed and post dispersal predation from small mammals (Burgos et al. 2008). These threats reduce the regeneration capacity of the species. Although not reported, logging of this species for use within the timber trade is likely to be a threat to this species.

Habitats préférentiels (classification IUCN)

  • 1_4Forest - Temperate
Mesures de conservation recommandéesExpert
This species is reported from 21 ex situ collections (BGCI Plant Search 2017). In the Andes this species is protected in within Reserva Nacional Radal Siete Tazas and in Reserva Nacional Altos de Lircay. In Coastal Cordillera, it is protected within Reserva Nacional Los Ruiles y Reserva Nacional Los Queules. It was previously listed as Vulnerable by Beloit (1989), Walter and Gillet (1998) and Oldfield et al. (1998) and within Chile the species has recently been downgraded from Vulnerable to not threatened (C. Echeverría pers. comm. 2017). The remaining species habitat requires protection and efforts should be made to reduce the fragmentation of the population.
Actions de conservation (6)Expert
  • 1_1Site/area protection
  • 1_2Resource & habitat protection
  • 2_1Site/area management
  • 3_2Species recovery
  • 3_4_2Genome resource bank
  • 4_3Awareness & communications
Stress écologiques (13)Expert
  • 1_1Ecosystem conversion
  • 1_2Ecosystem degradation
  • 1_2Ecosystem degradation
  • 1_2Ecosystem degradation
  • 1_2Ecosystem degradation
  • 1_2Ecosystem degradation
  • 1_2Ecosystem degradation
  • 1_2Ecosystem degradation
  • 1_2Ecosystem degradation
  • 1_2Ecosystem degradation
  • 2_1Species mortality
  • 2_2Species disturbance
  • 2_2Species disturbance
Usage & commerce (2)Expert
  • 7Fuels
    nationalsubsistance
  • 9Construction or structural materials
    nationalsubsistance
Priorités de recherche (2)Expert
  • 1_2Population size, distribution & trends
  • 3_1Population trends
Niche IUCN globaleExpert

Royaumes biogéographiques

Neotropical

Systèmes (terrestre/eau douce/marin)

Terrestrial

Formes de croissance

Tree - size unknown
Références bibliographiques (14)Expert
  1. IUCN. 2017. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2017-3. Available at: <a href="www.iucnredlist.org">www.iucnredlist.org</a>. (Accessed: 5 December 2017).
  2. BGCI. 2017. PlantSearch. Botanic Gardens Conservation International, London. Available at: <a href="https://www.bgci.org/plant_search.php">https://www.bgci.org/plant_search.php</a>.
  3. Santelices, R., Espinoza, S., Ariza, A.C., Peña-Rojas, K and Donoso, S.R. 2013. Effect of shading and fertilisation on the development of container-grown Nothofagus glauca seedlings, a threatened species from central Chile. <i>Southern Forests: A journal of Forest Science</i> 75(3).
  4. Burgos, A., Grezm A.A. and Bustamante, R.O. 2008. Seed production, pre-dispersal seed predation and germination of Nothofagus glauca (Nothofagaceae) in a temperate fragmented forest in Chile. <i>Forest and Ecology Management</i> 255(3-4): 1226-1233.
  5. Hechenleitner, P., Gardner, M., Thomas, P., Echeverría, C., Escobar, B., Brownless, P. and Martínez, C. 2005. <i>Plantas amenazadas del Centro-Sur de Chile. Distribución, Conservación y Propagación.</i> Universidad Austral de Chile y Real Jardín Botánico de Edimburgo, Santiago.
  6. Fajardo, A and Alaback, P. 2005. Effects of natural and human disturbances on the dynamics and spatial structure of Nothofagus glauca in south-central Chile. <i>Journal of Biogeography</i> 32(10): 1811-1825.
  7. Litton, C.M and Santelices, R. 2003. Effect of wildfire on soil physical and chemical properties in a Nothofagus glauca forest, Chile. <i>Revista Chilena de Historia Natural</i> 76: 529-542.
  8. Rodríguez, R. and Quezada, M. 2003. Fagaceae. In: C. Marticorena and R. Rodríguez (eds), <i>Flora de Chile: Vol. 2</i>, pp. 64-75. Universidad de Concepción, Chile.
  9. Hechenleitner, P., Gardner, M. and Thomas, P. 2002-2005. <i>Field Notes and Herbarium Specimens – Chile Darwin Initiative (CDI)</i>. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh.
  10. Le Quesne, C. and Sandoval, L. 2001. Extensión del límite sur para <i>Nothofagus glauca</i> (Phil.) Krasser. <i>Gayana</i> 58(2): 139-142.
  11. Walter, K.S. and Gillett, H.J. (eds). 1998. <i>1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants</i>. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. IUCN – The World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
  12. Oldfield, S., Lusty, C. and MacKinven, A. (compilers). 1998. <i>The World List of Threatened Trees</i>. World Conservation Press, Cambridge, UK.
  13. Benoit, C.I. (ed.). 1989. <i>Red Data Book on Chilean Terrestrial Flora. (Part One)</i>. pp. 91. Chilean Forestry Service (CONAF), Santiago.
  14. Donoso, C. 1982. Reseña ecológica de los bosques mediterráneos de Chile. <i>Bosque</i> 4(2): 117-146.
Évaluateurs & contributeurs (4)Expert
assessor
Barstow, M., Rivers, M.C. & Baldwin, H.
evaluator
Echeverría, C.
facilitators
Rivers, M.C.
institutions
Botanic Gardens Conservation International

Barstow, M., Rivers, M.C. & Baldwin, H. 2017. Nothofagus glauca. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T32034A2809142. Accessed on 05 May 2026.

Répartition mondiale (heatmap GBIF)Construction en cours

0 obs · 0 cellules
Construction par partitions temporelles GBIF0%

Source : GBIF — observations agrégées par hexagones 0.2° × 0.2° (~22km). Filtre qualité : précision coordonnée < 10 km. Coloration quantile (q50/70/90/99). Fond carte : OpenFreeMap · © OpenStreetMap.

Distribution mondiale

Calcul de la distribution GBIF· ~10–60 s

Phénologie

Calcul du calendrier d'apparition· ~5–30 s

Consulter sur les bases externes

Observations & statuts

Cartographie

Bibliographie

Note nomenclaturale & synonymesExpert

Note nomenclaturale

TAXREF v18 — INPN/MNHN

Synonymes (5)— redirigent vers cette page

  • Fagus glaucaPhil.
  • Nothofagus glaucaEspinosa
  • Nothofagus glauca(Phil.) Krasser
  • Nothofagus megacarpaReiche
  • Nothofagus megalocarpaReiche

Sources : Catalogue of Life Cross-References (synonymes) · TAXREF v18 INPN/MNHN (commentaires FR).