Lophozonia glauca
(Phil.) Heenan & Smissen
Pays · région · aire protégée · écorégion · biome
Graphe en cours d’indexation
Calcul du tissu écologique de Lophozonia glauca.
Le graphe apparaîtra automatiquement dès que le calcul est terminé (rafraîchissement toutes les 5s).
Liste rouge IUCN
VU · Vulnérablecritères A2c↘Décroissante- Évaluation
- 2017 · v3.1
- Altitude
- 100 – 1100 m
- Profondeur
- – m
État de la populationTexte officiel évaluation IUCNExpert
This species is considered the dominant tree across its native range however over the last three generation population has declined by at least 30% due to the use of the species as a timber and due to deforestation. Deforestation is a consequence of the establishment of plantations of non-native species, however, fewer of these plantations are now being established. Hence, population decline has begun to slow over the the last 10 years but population is decreasing (C. Echeverría pers. comm. 2017). Also, in some parts of its range population is fragmented. For example in the Maulino reserve 2–5 ha plots are separated by over 50 m and the forests itself is severely fragmented (Burgos et al. 2008). Fajardo and Alaback (2005) found that between two plots (0.12–0.14 ha) seedling density varied from 17.9 to 48.9%.
Menaces identifiées(11 menaces classées CMP-IUCN)
1_1Housing & urban areasRapid DeclinesUnknownOngoing2_1_2Small-holder farmingRapid DeclinesUnknownOngoing2_1_3Agro-industry farmingRapid DeclinesUnknownOngoing2_2_2Agro-industry plantationsRapid DeclinesUnknownOngoing2_3_2Small-holder grazing, ranching or farmingRapid DeclinesUnknownOngoing5_3_1Intentional use: (subsistence/small scale) [harvest]Rapid DeclinesUnknownOngoing5_3_5Motivation Unknown/UnrecordedRapid DeclinesUnknownOngoing11_3Temperature extremesUnknownUnknownFuture7_1_3Trend Unknown/UnrecordedUnknownUnknownOngoing8_2_1Unspecified speciesUnknownMinority (<50%)Ongoing
+ 1 menaces supplémentaires
Description complète des menacesTexte détaillé évaluation IUCNExpert
This species is threatened by deforestation and habitat loss. The establishment of plantations of Pinus radiata (Fajardo and Alaback 2005) and Eucalyptus globulus (Litton and Santelices 2003) caused a reduction in the range of the species and has left N. glauca population fragmented, despite the fact that the threat from this forest use has declined in the last 10 years. The greater occurrence of dry Pinus plantations (Litton and Santelices 2003) has led to the increased threat from fire. The species is also at risk from stand degradation (Fajardo and Alaback 2005). There is also growing concern of pre-dispersal seed predation from microlepidoptera larva (Perzelia spp.) which can cause a loss of 57% of seed and post dispersal predation from small mammals (Burgos et al. 2008). These threats reduce the regeneration capacity of the species. Although not reported, logging of this species for use within the timber trade is likely to be a threat to this species.
Habitats préférentiels (classification IUCN)
1_4Forest - Temperate★
Mesures de conservation recommandéesStratégies de conservation IUCNExpert
This species is reported from 21 ex situ collections (BGCI Plant Search 2017). In the Andes this species is protected in within Reserva Nacional Radal Siete Tazas and in Reserva Nacional Altos de Lircay. In Coastal Cordillera, it is protected within Reserva Nacional Los Ruiles y Reserva Nacional Los Queules. It was previously listed as Vulnerable by Beloit (1989), Walter and Gillet (1998) and Oldfield et al. (1998) and within Chile the species has recently been downgraded from Vulnerable to not threatened (C. Echeverría pers. comm. 2017). The remaining species habitat requires protection and efforts should be made to reduce the fragmentation of the population.
Actions de conservation (6)Conservation Actions Classification Scheme — IUCNExpert
1_1Site/area protection1_2Resource & habitat protection2_1Site/area management3_2Species recovery3_4_2Genome resource bank4_3Awareness & communications
Stress écologiques (13)Stresses Classification — IUCNExpert
1_1Ecosystem conversion1_2Ecosystem degradation1_2Ecosystem degradation1_2Ecosystem degradation1_2Ecosystem degradation1_2Ecosystem degradation1_2Ecosystem degradation1_2Ecosystem degradation1_2Ecosystem degradation1_2Ecosystem degradation2_1Species mortality2_2Species disturbance2_2Species disturbance
Usage & commerce (2)Use & Trade — IUCNExpert
7Fuelsnationalsubsistance9Construction or structural materialsnationalsubsistance
Priorités de recherche (2)Research Needed Classification — IUCNExpert
1_2Population size, distribution & trends3_1Population trends
Niche IUCN globaleRealms · Systems · LMEs · Growth forms · FAOs — biogéographie IUCNExpert
Royaumes biogéographiques
Neotropical
Systèmes (terrestre/eau douce/marin)
Terrestrial
Formes de croissance
Tree - size unknown
Références bibliographiques (14)Sources scientifiques de l'évaluation IUCNExpert
- IUCN. 2017. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. Version 2017-3. Available at: <a href="www.iucnredlist.org">www.iucnredlist.org</a>. (Accessed: 5 December 2017).
- BGCI. 2017. PlantSearch. Botanic Gardens Conservation International, London. Available at: <a href="https://www.bgci.org/plant_search.php">https://www.bgci.org/plant_search.php</a>.
- Santelices, R., Espinoza, S., Ariza, A.C., Peña-Rojas, K and Donoso, S.R. 2013. Effect of shading and fertilisation on the development of container-grown Nothofagus glauca seedlings, a threatened species from central Chile. <i>Southern Forests: A journal of Forest Science</i> 75(3).
- Burgos, A., Grezm A.A. and Bustamante, R.O. 2008. Seed production, pre-dispersal seed predation and germination of Nothofagus glauca (Nothofagaceae) in a temperate fragmented forest in Chile. <i>Forest and Ecology Management</i> 255(3-4): 1226-1233.
- Hechenleitner, P., Gardner, M., Thomas, P., Echeverría, C., Escobar, B., Brownless, P. and Martínez, C. 2005. <i>Plantas amenazadas del Centro-Sur de Chile. Distribución, Conservación y Propagación.</i> Universidad Austral de Chile y Real Jardín Botánico de Edimburgo, Santiago.
- Fajardo, A and Alaback, P. 2005. Effects of natural and human disturbances on the dynamics and spatial structure of Nothofagus glauca in south-central Chile. <i>Journal of Biogeography</i> 32(10): 1811-1825.
- Litton, C.M and Santelices, R. 2003. Effect of wildfire on soil physical and chemical properties in a Nothofagus glauca forest, Chile. <i>Revista Chilena de Historia Natural</i> 76: 529-542.
- Rodríguez, R. and Quezada, M. 2003. Fagaceae. In: C. Marticorena and R. Rodríguez (eds), <i>Flora de Chile: Vol. 2</i>, pp. 64-75. Universidad de Concepción, Chile.
- Hechenleitner, P., Gardner, M. and Thomas, P. 2002-2005. <i>Field Notes and Herbarium Specimens – Chile Darwin Initiative (CDI)</i>. Royal Botanic Garden Edinburgh.
- Le Quesne, C. and Sandoval, L. 2001. Extensión del límite sur para <i>Nothofagus glauca</i> (Phil.) Krasser. <i>Gayana</i> 58(2): 139-142.
- Walter, K.S. and Gillett, H.J. (eds). 1998. <i>1997 IUCN Red List of Threatened Plants</i>. Compiled by the World Conservation Monitoring Centre. IUCN – The World Conservation Union, Gland, Switzerland and Cambridge, UK.
- Oldfield, S., Lusty, C. and MacKinven, A. (compilers). 1998. <i>The World List of Threatened Trees</i>. World Conservation Press, Cambridge, UK.
- Benoit, C.I. (ed.). 1989. <i>Red Data Book on Chilean Terrestrial Flora. (Part One)</i>. pp. 91. Chilean Forestry Service (CONAF), Santiago.
- Donoso, C. 1982. Reseña ecológica de los bosques mediterráneos de Chile. <i>Bosque</i> 4(2): 117-146.
Évaluateurs & contributeurs (4)Personnes ayant contribué à l'évaluation IUCNExpert
assessor
Barstow, M., Rivers, M.C. & Baldwin, H.
evaluator
Echeverría, C.
facilitators
Rivers, M.C.
institutions
Botanic Gardens Conservation International
Barstow, M., Rivers, M.C. & Baldwin, H. 2017. Nothofagus glauca. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species 2017: e.T32034A2809142. Accessed on 05 May 2026.
Distribution mondiale
Calcul de la distribution GBIF· ~10–60 s
Phénologie
Calcul du calendrier d'apparition· ~5–30 s
Consulter sur les bases externes
Observations & statuts
Cartographie
Note nomenclaturale & synonymesDétails taxonomiques + synonymes CoLExpert
Note nomenclaturale
TAXREF v18 — INPN/MNHNSynonymes (5)— redirigent vers cette page
- Fagus glaucaPhil.
- Nothofagus glaucaEspinosa
- Nothofagus glauca(Phil.) Krasser
- Nothofagus megacarpaReiche
- Nothofagus megalocarpaReiche
Sources : Catalogue of Life Cross-References (synonymes) · TAXREF v18 INPN/MNHN (commentaires FR).